آہ! فرزند حبیب شبلی
قفانبک من ذکریٰ حبیب و منزل
نواب الحاج مولوی عبیدالرحمن خان شروانی کئی برس سے علیل تھے۔ ان کی زندگی کے معمولات میں فرق آگیا تھا، کمیٹیوں میں شرکت کے لیے سفر سے معذور ہوگئے تھے۔ بڑھاپے اور عمر طبعی کو پہنچ جانے کی وجہ سے ضعف و نقاہت میں اضافہ ہورہا تھا۔ راقم کو گذشتہ سال دو بار عیادت و زیارت کی سعادت میسر آئی تھی۔ اور دونوں دفعہ بڑھتی ہوئی کمزوری اور معذوری کو دیکھ کر خیال ہوا تھا کہ یہ چراغ سحر بجھا ہی چاہتا ہے۔ بالآخر ۸؍ مئی کو صاحبزادہ والاتبار پروفیسر ریاض الرحمن خان شروانی کے تار سے یہ المناک خبر آہی گئی جس نے پھر اس ارشاد ربانی کی ایک بار تصدیق و توثیق کردی کہ کل من علیھا فان[الرحمن: ۲۶]۔
دارالمصنفین کی بنا و تاسیس میں علامہ شبلیؒ اور ان کے متعدد اعزہ کی طرح نواب مولوی عبیدالرحمن خان شروانی کے خاندان کا بھی بڑاحصہ تھا۔ ان کے والد ماجد نواب صدر یار جنگ بہادر مولانا حبیب الرحمن خان شروانی مرحوم علامہ شبلی کے حبیب لبیب تھے۔ جب علامہ کے دل و دماغ پر دارالمصنفین ہی کا خیال چھایا رہتا تھا تو اس کے متعلق سب سے زیادہ انھی سے مراسلت و مکاتبت رہتی تھی۔ علامہ شبلی کی وفات کے بعد یہی رابط و تعلق دارالمصنفین کی جانب منتقل ہوگیا تھا جس کے مدۃ العمر وہ رکن رکین اور صدر نشین رہے، دارالمصنفین کے پہلے صدر جسٹس مولوی کرامت حسین اور دوسرے نواب عماد الملک اور تیسرے مولانا حبیب الرحمن خاں شروانی ہوئے، مولانا حمیدالدین فراہی کی وفات کے بعد ۱۹۳۱ء میں وہی اس کی مجلس ارکان کے بھی صدر بنے، دوسروں سے علامہ کے تعلقات میں اتار چڑھاؤ ہوتا رہا لیکن ایک نواب صدر یار جنگ ہی کی ایسی ذات تھی جن سے عمر بھر...
Menstruation is a factor that reflects a woman's functional potential which can be influenced by a number of variables including age, family history, socioeconomic status, education, physical activity, personality, exercise, weight, height, stress, infection, percentage of fat distribution and hormonal. Physical exercise or sports affect the menstrual cycle of the participants of martial art Muhammadiyah. This study aims to determine the effect of physical activity on the menstrual cycle, namely female combatants in the martial art Muhammadiyah arts education. According to research conducted in a number of countries, including other developing countries, it is said that menstrual disorders are quite a problem faced by Hillard women and found that female students show more frequent problems with irregular menstruation.
This study aimed at investigating the effects of Contextualization and Concept Mapping on Expository Writing skill at Intermediate Level. The study was delimited to Intermediate students of Government Girls Higher Secondary School, City D. G. Khan. Many strategies are used to improve expository writing skills of the students. Contextualization and Concept Mapping are one of them. Contextualization relates new knowledge with students own previous experience. Contextualization helps the learner in understanding target language. Concept Mapping is systematic graphic structure which helps the students in organization of knowledge. It is like preparing an outline for writing. The positive results of previous studies led the researcher to study the effects of Contextualization and Concept Mapping in her own context and situation. The study is significantly important as the findings can be extended to the similar situations by the teachers, learners, educationists, course designers and curriculum developers. The main part of the study was experimental in design where pretest-posttest control group design was applied to show the relationship between dependent and independent variables. One control and two experimental groups were ix randomly selected to conduct the experiment. The attitude towards contextualization and concept mapping was measured through opinionnaire from students. The sample for experiment was taken from Government Girls Higher Secondary School, City D. G. Khan. Total 60 students were taken out of 100 enrolled students to make an average ability group sample and then were divided randomly into three groups, twenty students comprising each. Two groups were experimental and one was control. The opinions of the students were taken to validate the results of experiment conducted. All the tools were developed personally and all the data was also collected in person. Study commenced with the test of proficiency level of students in the subject of English that was measured through Preliminary English Test and then students were randomly divided into three groups. The control group received instruction through traditional lecture method whereas intervention course of contextualization and concept mapping was applied on experimental groups. Data was collected through pretest-posttest, intervention course and opinionnaire and analyzed through applying SPSS 20 tool. T-test, descriptive statistics and post hoc test were employed to extract results. The responses of students were measured through descriptive statistics and percentages. The findings of the study include: contextualization and concept mapping strategies were more effective to improve expository writing skill of the students than traditional method. The findings signify that improvement in students’ writing is because of the treatment through contextualization and concept mapping. The opinions of students also confirmed that they considered contextualization and concept mapping as effective strategies for teaching expository writing. x The study led to the recommendations regarding implementation of Contextualization and concept mapping in different contexts and disciplines to diverse group of students at different grade levels. These strategies can be included in all level of training courses for teachers as well as for researchers. The researchers may expand their researchers with contextualization and concept mapping with different delimitations.