اسلامی اخلاقیات واقدار کے فروغ میں خاندانی ماحول کا کردار؛معاصرانہ چیلنجز اور لائحہ عمل The role of family environment in the development of Islamic ethics and values, Contemporary challenges, and action plan

Islamic rules and moral values are unique in all aspects. The members of Muslim Ummah have always tried to promote them. At the national level, this duty was carried out by people at different levels whether they were teachers, businessmen or lay man of the society. At international level, some rulers, business professionals and religious leaders played their role. Man's first relationship is with family. This relationship is the cornerstone in the development of a personality.  There has been a lot of change taken place in the family system. In the past, due to the limited necessities of life the financial responsibility was limited to a few people. Media was not that advanced and bold and family members were loving and respectful. With the beginning of advance era, human needs were widened and to satisfy them, women started participating in economic activities along with men. Due to which the child was shifted from his home to day care centre, while the media gave birth to the social media, the stories of compassion and care in home became the past. In the present era, there is a dire need to remove these barriers that hinder the development of Islamic values through balance between income and expenditure, positive and moderate use of media and positive attitude in family. These issues will be discussed under the answers to the following questions. What is the role of family in the development of Islamic ethics? What are the problems faced by the family in the development of Islamic moral values? What are the solutions to the present-day problems?  

The Impact of Influential Factors on Banking Customers’ Perceived Ease of Use and Usefulness of Internet Banking Acceptance in Pakistan

The statistics reveal that internet technology in the banking sector has introduced the internet banking (IB) product/service in Pakistan during year 2001 but the majority of the banking customers are the non-users of IB. This highlights the research need for identifying and validating the factors responsible for IB adoption in Pakistan. The technology acceptance model (TAM) has detained the most attention in determining the acceptance behavior of Information technology (IT). Despite the TAM validity and maturity in various contexts, there are few studies which have strived to extend the TAM capability to identify the individuals’ acceptance behaviour about the online/IB technology. Therefore, the present study has proposed and integrated external factors, namely perceived security, trust, website design, and product knowledge in TAM which reflects the banking customers concerns in the acceptance of IB in Pakistan. The questionnaire was adopted from the existing literature and modified for the data collection from the representative sample of 1,050 banking customers (non-users of IB) of Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan through convenience sampling. After preliminary data analysis, the sample size reduced to 886 with the final response rate of 84.38%. Primary data analysis was conducted through Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) whereas Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) through Analysis of a Moment Structures (AMOS) was employed to explore the inter-correlations of the proposed constructs. The study empirical results indicated that all hypothesized relationships of perceived security, trust, website design, and product knowledge with perceived ease of use and usefulness are true and significant in the extended form of the TAM. Theoretically, the present research has confirmed the applicability of the TAM in investigating IB adoption in Pakistan. The findings of the study emphasized banks'' decision makers to formulate strategies that may boost the adoption of internet banking in Pakistan. Security strategic and proactive approach may address the security concern and improves the customers'' trust. Moreover, redesigning of the internet banking product/service is required according to Pakistani social context and customer requirements for addressing the website concern. Effective advertisement and customer relationship management may enhance the product knowledge of the banking customers.