مولانا قاضی محمد زاہد الحسینی
(حافظ نثار احمد الحسینی)
یہ خبر افسوس کے ساتھ سنی گئی ہے کہ ۶؍ محرم الحرام ۱۴۱۸ھ مطابق ۱۴؍ مئی ۱۹۹۷ء کو ممتاز عالم دین و مصنف مولانا قاضی محمد زاہد الحسینی رحلت فرماگئے۔
قاضی صاحب کا خاندان علوم دینیہ کی خدمت میں مشہور ہے۔ اس خاندان کے مورث اعلیٰ حضرت باز گل مرحوم حضرت سید گیسو درازؒ کی اولاد سے تھے اور حضرت سید احمد شہیدؒ کے قافلۂ جہاد میں شامل تھے۔ بالاکوٹ کے سقوط کے بعد ہزارہ سے نقل مکانی کر کے پنجاب کے مشہور علمی خطہ علاقہ چھچھ کے موضع شمس آباد تشریف لے آئے۔ قاضی صاحبؒ کے داد قاضی نادر دینؒ اپنے وقت میں پنجابی کے مشہور شاعر اور مصلح دین تھے۔ ان کے والد مولانا مفتی قاضی غلام جیلانی مرحوم مناظر اور صاحب قلم عالمِ دین تھے۔ تقریباً پچاس اصلاحی کتابیں لکھیں۔ سلسلۂ نقشبندیہ میں خانقاہ موسیٰ زئی شریفؒ کے سجادہ نشین حضرت مولانا سراج الدینؒ سے مجاز طریقت تھے۔ متنبی قادیان مرزا قادیانی کا مقابلہ تحریر و تقریر اور مناظرہ سے کیا۔ ’’تیغ غلام جیلانی برگردن قادیانی‘‘ آپ کی مشہور تصنیف ہے۔ ۱۹۲۸ء میں اپنے آبائی گاؤں شمس آباد میں انتقال کیا اور وہیں مدفون ہوئے۔
مولانا قاضی محمد زاہد الحسینی ۶؍ ربیع الاول ۱۳۳۱ھ مطابق یکم فروری ۱۹۱۳ء بروز ہفتہ پیدا ہوئے۔ قرآن پاک اور ابتدائی عربی فارسی تعلیم گھر ہی میں حاصل کی ۱۹۲۸ء میں شمس آباد سے مڈل پاس کیا۔ ۱۹۲۸ء میں آپ منیۃ المصلی اور ہدایت النحو وغیرہ ابتدائی کتابیں پڑھ رہے تھے کہ والد گرامی کا سایہ سر سے اٹھ گیا لیکن داغ یتیمی آپ کے شوق اور حصولِ علم کی ہمت کو کم نہ کرسکا۔ علاقہ چھچھ میں اس وقت شیخ الہند مولانا محمود الحسن اور مولانا عبدالحئی لکھنوی کے تلاندہ موجود تھے ان سے تحصیل علم کرنے کے بعد...
The aim of Hijrah is philosophically viewed as a way to spread Islam wisely. This was by Allah’s guidance and directive amidst the very bitter atmosphere in Makkah at that time against the early followers of the Islamic religion brought by the Rasulullah (pbuh). The prophetic Hijrah observed from the way it impacted Makkah and Madinah’s societies can be construed as a very important event that provided us with a variety of messages. It also acts as a reflection of our contributions to da’wah and the roles we can assume as good Muslims, by looking at what the Rasulullah (pbuh) and his companions had themselves sacrificed in the Hijrah. In short, Al-Hijra is the time when the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) and his followers moved from Makkah to Madinah, where they set up the first Islamic state. Islam needed to expand and spread in the world, so the migration resulted in the expansion and preservation of Islam and Muslims. The Rasulullah (pbuh) migrated to Madinah when his enemies in Makkah mistreated him and his followers. It is a fact that the early Muslims in Makkah were greatly troubled by the unbelievers of Quraisy, the tribe of the Prophet (pbuh). The Rasulullah’s (pbuh) popularity in his da'wah efforts to invite his people to Islam was seen as threatening by the people in power in Makkah. The context of Hijrah was seen as urgent and timely as the unbelievers in Makkah had escalated the persecution against Muhammad (pbuh) and his followers. This persecution and a directive from Allah were the main reasons for the migration.
The study aims to measure the vulnerability of the small open oil importing developing economy in terms of output loss, soaring inflation and depreciating of the domestic currency to an exogenous oil price shock. Critical review of the existing literature confirms the lack of appropriate theoretical foundations, and therefore contradictory empirical evidence has surfaced. As basis for analysis there is hardly any study especially for a developing oil importing economy, where prevailing rigidities are modelled in a theoretical framework. It is surprising because the New Keynesian models have been found to have advantage to capture the stochastic components theoretically and not on ad hoc basis like the RBC models. Developing economies are more oil dependent due to their imperfect market structure and inefficient use of energy hence deserve serious attention. The current study is an attempt to fill this gap; incorporating the limited access to international financial markets and mounting fiscal deficit further strengthen the scope of this study. The theoretical model developed in the present study has been empirically analysed by adopting the two step procedure devised by Keating (1990). Keeping in view the core objective of the study, macroeconomic dynamics in response to oil price shocks is focused along with assessing the impact of other internal and external shocks. Innovations, other than oil price shock have been considered to capture the indirect impact of oil price fluctuations in the international market. The estimation proceeds in three steps, estimation of structural parameters, the impulse response analysis and the variance decomposition. It has been observed that oil prices significantly important in explaining the magnitude and direction of macroeconomic aggregates and the variations in these important variables. It has been observed that due to heavily subsidization of the energy sector during the deregulation period further aggravated the economic performance of the economy. The State Bank of Pakistan, on the other hand, has been unable to anchor expectations about inflation. The results of present study confirm the crowding-in effect. There is complementarity between government spending and private investment. Additive fiscal shock seems to be an important source of growth in the country which persists for about three quarters keeping aggregate demand above its long run trend. Cost push shock, monetary policy shock and risk premium shock are also important sources hindering economic development in terms of low demand and high inflation which further elaborate the importance of less or no reliance of producing energy through using oil. Monetary authority, due to lack of transparency in the policy, is unable to avoid deteriorating influence of oil prices shocks.