محدثين كے ہاں قراء ثلاثہ كا مقام و مرتبہ اور علم حديث ميں ان كى خدمات

Allah Himself has taken the responsibility to protect the Holy Quran and the Hadith of the Holy Prophet. He Himself has provided the sources of their protection. One of the means of the protection that was the creation of such a group of the Qura who not only served the Holy Quran but also provided worth mentioning services in Ahadith of the Holy Prophet. But their services are hidden from us. By Qura the researcher means those Qura whose recitation styles and narrations are studied and taught in the different quarters of the world who are known as Qura Saba & Ashra (سبعہ وعشرہ). They are ten imams each with two Ravi’s. They are thirty Qura in total. I have selected only last three Imam & their two narrators in this Article. These Qurra are known as Qurra Thlathah (قراء ثلاثہ).  The services of these imams have been highlighted in the light of the following eleven Ahadith books. Sihah:   Sahih Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sahih Ibn-e-Habban, Sahih Ibn-e-Khuzeema. Sunan: Sunan Abu Dawud, Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Sunan al-Nasai, Sunan Ibn Majah, and Sunan al-Kubra. Masaneed: Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Musnad Abu Ya`la al-Mawsili. How many people have reported them and what is the standard of the weakness and soundness of those narrators have also been discussed in this article. Besides these books of Ahadith, these Ahadith have been searched in other books of Ahadith also. The status of these Qura has been explained in the light of the commentary of Muhadithin. Whether Ahadith critics have declared them thiqa or weak or have declared them as average sadooq. The most important thing is that there is no one weak reporter in these imam qura. Two out of three imam qura are ranked as thiqa and one sadooq. And among the narrators of these qura one is thiqa, one sadooq, and nobody are weak reporters. There is silence about the remaining four reporters of these qura. The reason is that there is no hadith reported from them. Because of all this their religious and scholarly authenticity could be determined. The narrations of these thalathah (ثلاثہ) Qura are confined to reporting the Holy Quran but they have also reported about every part of fiqh and they have been utilized and refered to  

Genetic Study of Exon 3 and 4 of Insulin Like Growth Factor-2 Gene Igf2 and its Effect on Growth Traits in Japanese Quail

Insulin-like growth hormone is secreted by the pituitary gland to increase the growth of skeletal muscles by stimulating myoblast proliferation of an individual by promoting cell division. There are two genes which are playing an important effect over the growth known as IGF1 and IGF2. The growth of the organism increases as the activity of IGFs increase. The mechanism is complex as IGF1 and IGF2 interacts with different receptors as Insulin-like factor 2 Receptor (IGF2R) and binding proteins to perform its function orderly. To study the effect of IGF2 gene Japanese quail bird (Coturnix japonica) was selected. The length, width, weight, expanded wings length, drum stick length and circumference, shank length and diameter will be calculated from the 50 quail birds. 1ml blood from each sample was collected and refrigerated. The 200?l blood from the 50 samples was used for the DNA extraction using the standard organic method with some modification. There were four transition variations at nucleotide 12,998 G>A, 13,009 T>C, 13,023 C>T and 13,072 C>G were found in the CD3 region of IGF2 gene while ten transition at nucleotide 13,855 C>T, 13894 T>C, 13,933 C>T, 13,939 C>T, 13,957 A>G, 14,020 C>T, 14,032 G>A, 14,034 T>C, 14,040 A>G, 14,056 A>G and two transverse variations at nucleotide 13,897 T>G and 13,921 T>A were identified at CD4 region of IGF2. All these variations are synonymous. The present work will be helpful to find the role of IGF2 gene in Japanese quail.