روايات الضعفاء الموثقين في شيخ معين في الصحيحين والمجتبي

The authors approach towards the text of some narrators is neither absolute acceptance nor absolute refusal to their texts regardless of whether they are authentic or unauthentic. Hence, it should be noted that even the authentic narrator’s text can be rejected on the basis of the context in which the text is narrated. Likewise, the unauthentic narrator’s text should not be rejected in context where the narrator is assumed to be authentic. The narrator might have been of weak memorisation, but his text may be accepted because of his long companionship to that particular Sheikh whereby he acquires strength. This research is limited to the unauthentic narrators whose text about a particular Bukhari, Muslim and Nisei. The objective is to extract these unauthentic narrators out of the men of Bukhari, Muslim and Nisei depending on the judgments of the critics that are related to the documentation of the unauthentic narrator and the acceptance of his text reported about a particular Sheikh, through the reviewing of reliable references. The study also aims to the extraction of the narrations of those narrators in Bukhari, Muslim and Nisei and its study in terms of text in order to know how the classifier quotes those narrators.

Prevalence of Significant Liver Fibrosis in Patients With Hiv Monoinfection Compared to Those With Hiv-Hepatitis B Coinfection As Assessed by Shear Wave Elastography

Background: Liver disease is an emerging management problem in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients. The incidence of chronic Hepatitis B infection, which accelerates the progression of chronic liver disease and development of liver fibrosis, is ten times higher in patients with HIV than the general population. Staging of liver fibrosis provides essential information in management of these patients. Objective: To determine the prevalence of significant liver fibrosis in patients with HIV mono-infection versus those with HIV-HBV co-infection as assessed with shear wave elastography (SWE). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study whereby HIV infected patients attending the HIV clinic at AKUH, N were consecutively recruited into the study. A total of 105 patients, 70 with HIV mono-infection and 35 with HIV-HBV co-infection, had liver elastography obtained using SWE to assess for presence of significant fibrosis the cut-off of which was 5.6 kPa. The prevalence of significant liver fibrosis was compared between the two groups. Assessment of APRI score (a non-invasive serum biomarker of liver fibrosis) in these patients was also done. Results: The prevalence of advanced liver fibrosis was significantly higher (p <0.0001) in patients with HIV-HBV co-infection, 25.7%, compared to those with HIV mono-infection, 7.1%. APRI score was higher in patients with HIV-HBV co-infection than those with HIV mono-infection. Discussion: The prevalence of significant liver fibrosis observed in the two proportions in the current study is comparable to those reported in other studies. HIV co-infection with HBV accelerates progression to significant liver fibrosis. Association of low CD 4 count with advanced fibrosis supports earlier starting of antiretroviral therapy to prevent rapid progression of liver disease in HIV positive patients. Higher APRI scores in the HIV-HBV co-infected group was as a result of higher AST levels. Conclusion/recommendations: In view of the high prevalence of liver fibrosis in patients with HIV-HBV co-infection, regular monitoring of the disease progression is recommended. A study involving follow up of HIV-HBV co-infected patients to assess for effects of therapy is also recommended.