کسب حلال کی راہ میں حائل معاشرتی رکاوٹیں: قرآنی نکتہ نظر سے ایک تجزیاتی مطالعہ

Earning lawful is considered as a worship in the Holy Quran and traditions of Holy Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him). But unfortunately, it has become very difficult to earn halal in present age due so many obstacles into the society. The purpose of this research article is to uncover the social obstacles and hurdles in the way of lawful earning. Qualitative and descriptive research approach is employed for the collection, demonstration, and analysis of data. The review of literature revealed that there are so many hurdles in the society in the way of halal earning. For instance, Wrong wishes of lowerself, lust, bad social practices, influence of media are the most common among them. It is therefore recommended that Quranic messures should be taken in order to diminish these obstacles and to make the way of lawful earning easy.

Stability Analysis of Rice Recombinant Inbred Lines for Grain Yield

This studied were.conductted.to.assessed.the performanec rice.recombinant.inbred lines. (RILs), identify.the productive.environmental and quantify ginotypes × environmentt.interacttions (GEIS) affects on the yields. and.the yields.relattedtraits across all four locations of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.Province-Pakistan for.two consecutive years during rice growing seasons of 2017.and.2018. The ginotypes.included in the study comprised.87.rice.RILs.and three commercial cultivars while the eight.Environmental (four locations across two years) were Peshawar-2017 (EN-1), Mingora-2017 (EN-2), Manshera-2017 (EN-3), Charsadda-2017 (EN-4), Peshawar-2018 (EN-5), Mingora-2018 (EN-6), Manshera-2018 (EN-7) and Charsadda-2018 (EN-8). The combinned ANOVA showwed.significent.differances.amongsthe. environmental, ginotypes.and-GEIS-for the-studied-paramterse. Across eight Environmental, RIL AUP-3 displayed the least number of daysto.headding (110) .and.daysto maturitty (139) .and also showed maximum.1000-grains.weigth (30.0 g) and forgrains yield (4.1t h-1). AUP-30 produced the maximum numbers of the primaries (12.2) .and.secondaries.branchse.panicalss-1 (38.4), .spikeletts (239.4) and.grains (226) .panicals-1. Higher grain yield of AUP-30 in EN-3 (5.4 t h-1) and EN-7 (5.0 t h-1); AUP-3 in EN-1 (4.8 t h-1); AUP-29 in En-02 (4.6 t h-1); AUP-40 in EN-4 (3.9 t ha-1); AUP-1 in EN-5 (4.7 t ha-1); AUP-29 in E-06 (4.2 t ha-1) and AUP-40 in EN-8 (3.8 t h-1) .establlished.there.speciffic.adoptability.in.the.respectted.environmentals. Recombinant inbred lines AUP-3, AUP-29 and AUP-30 exhibited extreme valuse.for.the grainsyields.and.theyields relatted parameterss for across all environments, and could thereforebe.declarred.as.thehigh.yieldings.as well as thestable rice ginotypes. .Significent GEISs justified for further the analyses of data using the various.stabilitty .modless.like.addittive maine affects.and the multiplicattive. interacttions (AMMIs) .analyses, .ginotypes and ginotypes × environmentts (GGEs) biplott and stabilitty.parameters. The AMMIs biplottt .analyses .partittioned into GEISs sum.of squares intoseven princepals componints. The first two princepals componints.of.AMMI.analyses cumulativelly.explainned 55.3.%, 46.3.% and 52.1%.of veriation.due to GEIS.for days to.mayturity, grainspanicalss-1 and thegrains yield, respectively. The GGEs biplottt isa graphicall.tooles.to usedto identify.mega environments and to analyze multi environment experimental data for visual evaluation of ginotypes. The Ist two princepals componints cumulativelly.explainned.63.2%,.53.4%.and 50.9% of the totall veriations dues to GEISs.for the daysto maturitty,.grains.panicalss-1.and thegrains yields, .respectivelly. These.GGEs.biplottt.also.showed.ginotypes.AUP-3 and AUP-30 as the ideal.ginotypes for thegrains panicalss-1 and thegrains yields. The.stabilitty.parametres.such.as coefficeint.of veriation (C.V), .reggression coefficient. . (bi), .deviattion from regressions (S2di.) .and small stabilitty variences (σi2).observed.for.days.to.maturity.were within.acceptable range of 5.5%, 0.97, 0.032 and 5.86, respectively for.ginotypes.AUP-3. Ginotypes.AUP-3.and.AUP-30.showed mean grains panicals-1 of 214.and 226; CV value 9.9%.and.11.20.%; bi value of.0.98 and 1.06; S2di of 6.45.and.16.42.and σi2 of 116.6 and 127.2, respectively. In.case of.grain yield, maximum yield.of 4.1.t.ha-1 each was noted for ginotypes AUP-3 and.AUP-30.with CV of 13.2 and 11.4%; bi.of 0.98 and 0.96; S2di of 0.008 and.0.006.and σi2 of 0.792 and 0.762, respectively. .Based on the current study, ginotypes.AUP-3.and.AUP-30.were not only the highest yielding .but also the stable.lines.and.can.be recommended for commercialization of rice production.in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.