پروفیسر اکبر رحمانی
جناب اکبر رحمانی کی وفات ایک قومی و ملی حادثہ ہے، وہ درس و تدریس کے پیشے سے وابستہ تھے، اس کے باوجود بڑی سرگرمی سے تعلیمی، ادبی اور علمی خدمات بھی انجام دے رہے تھے، لیکن وظیفہ یاب ہونے کے بعد وہ محض علمی مشاغل اور تصنیف و تالیف کے لیے وقف ہوگئے تھے، اس کی وجہ سے خیال تھا کہ اب قوم کو ان کی ذہنی و دماغی قابلیت سے زیادہ بہرہ یاب ہونے کا موقع ملے گا، مگر دستِ اجل نے ان کو ہم سے چھین لیا۔ اور ۱۷؍ ستمبر کو وہ جوارِ رحمت میں پہنچ گئے، انااﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون۔
وہ ذیابیطس اور کئی موذی امراض میں مبتلا تھے، گردے بھی خراب ہوگئے تھے، دو سال پہلے حج بیت اﷲ کو تشریف لے گئے تھے وہیں گینگرین کیے سبب سے دائیں پاؤں کا انگوٹھا کاٹنا پڑا۔ اور ہندوستان واپس آنے کے بعد گھٹنے تک دایاں پاؤں کاٹ دیا گیا مگر ایک بندۂ مومن کی طرح وہ ان آزمائشوں کا صبر و شکر سے مقابلہ کرتے اور ہمہ تن اپنے تحریری اور تصنیفی کام انجام دیتے رہے کہ یکایک ان کی وفات کی خبر نے سب کو تڑپا دیا۔
مرحوم کا اصل نام اکبر خاں اور والد کا رحمان خاں تھا ان دونوں کے امتزاج سے انہوں نے اپنا قلمی نام ’’اکبر رحمانی‘‘ رکھ لیا تھا اور اسی سے روشناس تھے۔
اکبر صاحب کا خاندانی تعلق لودھیوں سے تھا ان کے آباواجداد ابراہیم لودھی کے زمانے میں ہندوستان آئے، آبائی وطن گنگا پور (اورنگ آباد دکن) تھا ۱۷؍ اکتوبر ۱۹۴۱ء کو پیدا ہوئے، ابتدائی و ثانوی تعلیم جلگاؤں میں حاصل کی، اعلیٰ تعلیم پونا اور بمبئی کی یونیورسٹیوں میں پائی، اردو کے علاوہ فارسی، انگریزی، ہندی اور مراٹھی زبانوں سے واقف تھے، ہندی اور مراٹھی کے مضامین اور کہانیوں کے اردو...
Aim: To evaluate the immediate effects of various activity levels on knee joint position sense.
Methodology: Sixty males aged between 19 and 24 years, without any complains of discomfort or pain in the knee joint were selected from Bakhtawar Amin Hospital, Multan using convenience sampling, between April 2nd, 2019 to July 28th, 2019. Group A participants walked on the treadmill at a speed of 4 km/h for 5 min (n = 20). Group B participants ran on a treadmill at 6.4 km per hour for five minutes (n = 20). Group C participants sprinted on a treadmill at 8.5 km per hour for five minutes (n = 20).
Results: Mean age of the subjects was 21.18±1.77. In the moderate physical activity group, the difference in the means in passive reproduction of the knee flexion angle of 20o observed was 1.40±2.39, (p-value 0.013), and similarly in intense physical activity was 1.75±3.58 (p-value 0.020). For the knee flexion angle of 40o, the difference in the means for moderate was 1.35±1.84 (p=0.002), and for the intense activity was 2.35±2.27 (p=0.012). However, in the group with mild physical activity, the difference in the means was statistically insignificant.
Conclusion: The study indicated that physical activities of moderate level and intense level decrease the joint position sense appreciation at the knee joint in less active healthy individuals.
Purpose: This study provides a theoretical framework that explores the personality traits that influence new product adoption in rural environment. Five personality traits form part of the framework, namely; consumer innovativeness, dogmatism, social character (inner and other directed), and need for uniqueness. This study will pave a way in understanding the potential behavior of consumers toward adoption of a newly introduced product in a given environment. Following the conceptualization of NPA, a conceptual model was proposed which represents five hypotheses: two hypotheses were supported and three hypotheses were not supported. Methodology: The data was collected from selected (rural) areas of upper Sindh province of Pakistan using convenient sampling procedure; there were 430 respondents in the sample. Five-point Likert scale was adapted for the study, and a pilot test was used to confirm the validity of the scales and the correctness of the datagathering procedure. Following the data gathering and coding, validity and reliability tests were carried out on the entire sample. Keeping in view various constructs of conceptual model, the proposed hypotheses were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling (AMOS v.20) to test the impact of the constructs on NPA. Findings and contribution of research: The evidence related to the model suggests that consumer innovativeness and need for uniqueness are the dominant factors (traits) in adopting a new product whereas social character (ID /OD), and dogmatism have no significant impact on new product adoption behavior, it suggests that consumer innovativeness and need for uniqueness traits of consumer personality are dominant factors in adopting a new fashion and clothing product in rural market. Research Limitations: First; the results of this study may not be appropriate for generalizing across the majority of Pakistani consumers, and in a global context. Second; the study is focusing only on fashion and clothing product category; third, only selected personality traits are examined in the study. 2 Implications: By examining the potential behavior of rural consumers, the study facilitates the possibility of consumer behavior research that, in new product adoption decision consumer personality (traits) should have a significant contribution, thus providing a better understanding of influence of their personality traits on new product adoption. KEYWORDS: New product adoption, consumer innovativeness, dogmatism, social character, need for uniqueness, personality, fashion and clothing, and rural consumers.