دار العلوم دیو بند کی تعلیمی و عصری خدمات کا تنقیدی مطالعہ

Purpose of the study was to reflect great contributions of Dar ul Uloom Deouband. After the end of Independence War 1857, three factors endangered the Muslims of India religiously and educationally. Firstly, the Christian missionaries who thought that after the political downfall Muslims would convert themselves to Christianity. Secondly, the missionaries were proclaiming blasphemy about Islam and the Holy Prophet Muhammad Sallalaho Alaha Wasalam. In this regard, William Mure wrote a notorious blasphemous book about which Sir Syed said, “Alas! We like to die.” Thirdly, in these circumstances the doubts of Muslims were increasing that Muslim may not be converted to Christianity but it may create hatred from Islamic ideology.  Just to cope up with these dangers, various educational movements came into being; one of them is Deouband Movement. As a result of the efforts by Dar ul Uloom Deouband, Muslims were able to save their Din and eman.

Incidence and Risk Factors for Acute Myocardial Injury After Non-Cardiac Surgery at the Aga Khan University Hospital Nairobi

Aim: To determine the incidence and risk factors for acute myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery at Aga Khan University Hospital Nairobi. Design: Prospective cohort study Background: Myocardial injury is the most common major cardiovascular complication in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Large numbers of intermediate-risk and high-risk cardiac patients will be undergoing surgery as the population grows older, and thus myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery could be a rising problem. Patients and Setting: Adult participants undergoing intermediate and high risk non-cardiac surgery at the Aga Khan University Hospital Nairobi were evaluated for incidence and risk factors for myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery. Methodology: The study was conducted over 5 months and recruited eligible participants who were scheduled to undergo intermediate and high risk non-cardiac surgery. Their age, gender, height, weight, blood pressure, random blood sugar, haemoglobin, creatinine were assessed preoperatively and later on, an electrocardiogram as well as highly sensitive cardiac troponin T were measured 24 hours postoperatively. Results: 128 participants were evaluated for the incidence and risk factors for myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery in this study. Of these, 87.5% underwent intermediate surgery. None of the participants developed ischemic chest pain. 21% had electrocardiographic changes; 12% had T-wave inversion, 9% had ST-depression and none had ST-elevation or new left bundle branch block. 25% of the participants had elevated troponin (>14ng/ml) but only 12.5% had a significantly elevated troponin (>50ng/ml). The odds ratio for hypertension, diabetes, elevated random blood sugar were 19.9(95% confidence interval, 1.1-340.2), 11.5(95% confidence interval, 3.6-37.1) and 2.6(95% confidence interval, 1.8- 3.9) respectively. Conclusion: The incidence of acute myocardial injury after high and intermediate risk non-cardiac surgery at the Aga Khan University Nairobi is 12.5%. Hypertension, diabetes and elevated random blood sugar significantly increase the risk of developing acute myocardial injury after high and intermediate risk non-cardiac surgery.