جدید انسان کی سرمایہ دارانہ اور مادیت پسند فکر نے قدرتی ماحول اور قدرتی وسائل کا بری طرح استحصال کیا ہے اور حیاتِ انسانی وحیوانی کی بقا کو تباہی کے دہانے پر پہنچا دیا ہے۔ حضرت انسان کی غفلت اور لا پرواہی سے قدرتی وسائل و ذرائع کی بقا کا مسئلہ اس وقت پوری دنیا کے لئے سنگین شکل اختیار کرگیا ہے۔یہ بات روز ِروشن کی طرح عیاں ہے کہ جدید انسان نے ماحول اور اس میں پائے جانے والے قدرتی وسائل کے تحفظ کو یکسر نظرانداز کردیا ہے ۔ جس کی بنا پر قدرتی وسائل ہوا، پانی ،معدنیات، حیوانات ،نباتات اور زمین کی طبعی ، کیمیائی اور حیاتیاتی خصوصیات میں ناپسندیدہ اور نامناسب تبدیلیاں پیدا ہو تی جار ہی ہیں، اس طرح ماحولیاتی تبدیلی( Climate Change ( ، گلوبل وارمنگ (Global Warming) اور ماحولیاتی آلودگی (Environmental Pollution ) کا مسئلہ پیداہوگیا ہے۔ ٹریٹمنٹ پلانٹس کی تنصیب کے بغیر نئے نئے کارخانےقائم ہورہے ہیں۔ ان صنعتی اداروں میں ماحولیاتی سہولیات کی عدم موجودگی کی وجہ سے ماحول میں گرین ہاؤسز گیسزکی مقدار بڑھتی جارہی ہے اور یوں قدرتی ماحول بری طرح متاثر ہورہاہے۔
یہ بات طے شدہ ہے کہ اللہ تعالیٰ کی تخلیق کردہ ضروریات حیات یعنی قدرتی وسائل میں سے ہوا،پانی ،نباتات ،حیوانات، صاف ماحول پر انسانی زندگی کا انحصار اتنا زیادہ ہے کہ ان کے بغیر کوئی انسان زندگی گزارنے کا تصور بھی نہیں کر سکتا ۔ جبکہ عالمی سطح پر موسمیاتی تبدیلیوں کے اثرات ہر گزرتے دن کے ساتھ ساتھ شدید سے شدید تر ہوتے جارہے ہیں ۔ ایک تازہ ترین عالمی تحقیقی رپورٹ بتاتی ہےکہ عالمی موسمیاتی تبدیلی سے 2 دہائیوں میں عالمی معیشت کو 16 ہزار ارب ڈالر کا نقصان پہنچ چکا ہے۔ستم ظریفی کی بات یہ ہے سب سے زیادہ جانی و معاشی نقصان ترقی پذیر اور غریب ممالک کو اٹھانا پڑ...
Researchers, Scholars and historians have rendered invaluable services on important topics such as the biography of the Prophet ( P.B.U.H) and the Biography of Sahaabah. But unfortunately some writers have included in their writings some traditions and baseless historical references about the holy congregation of the Companions which are not worthy of the holy congregation and do not meet the rules and regulations of the traditions of these biographies and histories ۔ Leading historians of the present day have done unparalleled work on the Seerah of the Companions in the case of the writings and compilations of the Seerah and history. Has done research work on relations with But in the beginning (in the case) as well as in the context, the principles of Seerah and history have been discussed in detail and we have tried to bring out all the principles that are standard, accepted, in the Seerah and the character of the Companions and the disputes of the Companions. I am going to pave the way for balance and moderationIn The following Lines, a special study or the principles of biography and history described by contemporary historians such as Maulana Shibli Nomani ( 1913) Maulana Saeed Ahmed Akbarabadi ( 1985) and Maulana Nafe (2014) is presented. In this regard, efforts will be made to clarify how the path of moderation can be taken in this regard, how the honor of Ahel Bayt and Sahabah can be maintained and how such traditions can be avoided as a result. There was no mention of Ahle –e- Bayt or Zat –e- Sahaba or there was no element of division.
Reading is a skill that is much in focus in the academia in today's world. It provides the base for the development of other language skills through the provision of vocabulary, command over grammar, the accuracy and fluency led by comprehension that aims at developing critical thinking abilities among readers to enable them to look at the world with a different perspective. Thus, the ultimate goal of reading can only be achieved if the students are provided with a reading friendly culture within the schools and the home environment. This cannot be possible without the teachers and teacher educators, who hold the responsibility of nurturing the young minds by putting deliberate efforts through their teaching practices. Thus, it is important to explore the teachers' own views about reading in order to see its impact on students by developing good reading skills. The purpose of this study was to explore the beliefs of an English language teacher to see its relationship with the classroom practices in an English medium secondary school in Karachi, Pakistan. The participant selected for this study was an ELT faculty currently teaching English language at secondary level. The research design was qualitative in nature. The interviews, classroom observations, field notes, document analysis and informal discussions were used as main modes of data collection. The data analysis was done through making codes and then developing themes and sub-themes which were further analyzed in depth. The findings of the data reveal that the beliefs of the teacher about reading are the main source that guides her classroom practices and decisions. Since she believes that the development of critical thinking abilities is the ultimate purpose of reading, she employs diverse teaching reading strategies to make it possible. Her reading friendly classroom environment is the mirror of her beliefs about providing a reading friendly culture to the readers. This shows the consistency between beliefs and practices of the EL T in this particular case. Thus, the study suggests that by conducting professional development sessions for the teachers, they can be helped to explore their beliefs that guide their actions. Moreover, there is a need for conducting further researches in this area with maximum teachers to explore the relationship between diverse dimensions of beliefs and practice.