أثر مؤشرات التغري املناخي يف انتشار بعض اإلمراض املعدية يف حمافظة ذي قار

The study examines the impact of climate change on the spread of some diseases in Thi- Qar Province through collecting and analyzing data about various weather elements and phenomena of some monitoring stations ( Nasiriyah ) for a high-temperature climatic cycle of 78 years (1941-2018). It is divided into seven consecutive and different time periods, 1941-1951, 1952-1962, and 1963-1973, 1974-1984, 1985-1995, 1996-2006, 2007-2018. These elements and phenomena are solar radiation, temperatures (maximum and minimum), wind (Dust storm, rising dust, suspended dust), and the thermal extremes phenomenon (heat and cold waves) The research aims to reveal the reality of trends in climate of the province of thi qar, and find out the reality of the general trend of the elements of climatic different by relying on a series of evidence statistical number of climatic variables for the meteorological station in Nasiriyah especially temperature, wind speed, relative humidity and rainfall, and extreme dust The most important results of the research showed that temperatures trending upward in sync with a clear reduction in the amount of relative humidity and rainfall which threatens a sharp repeating the phenomenon of drought in the future. The research study has found that the City of Nasiriyah ranked first in human diseases for the period 2009-2018, as the reasons for this level of diseases include that Nasiriyah is subject to the recurrence of dusty weather phenomena due to its proximity to the Western Desert Plateau, as well as the lack of cultivated and water-covered areas. This city witnesses serious air pollutions due to the concentration of a large number of factories located near inhabited areas, as well as, the spread of brick factories in the regions of the city, such as, brick factories in the area of El-Islah. This is public services, in addition to the building projects, deterioration of sewage overflow, the spread of epidemics and insects harmful to human health, other climatic environmental pollutants, such as the spread of pollen, plant scents and air allergens, which contributed to the increase in the severity of skin diseases, climate eyes, arthritis and respiratory allergies. The city of Al-Shatra ranked second in the number of people with climatic diseases, Al-Rifai ranked third with infected cases, Souk Al-Shuyoukh ranked fourth, and finally Al-Jibayish ranked fifth and last in people with climatic human diseases for the period 2009-2018 in Dhi- qar province due to the same geographical, climatic, medical, and environmental causes indicated earlier.

Integrated Use of Rhizobacteria Containing Acc- Deaminase Activity, Mineral Fertilizers and Compost to Improve Growth and Yield of Oil Seed Crops

Favorable alliance between rhizosphere bacteria and crop plants induced marked improvement in the plant growth. These beneficial microbes had directly and indirectly shaped plant growth through variety of growth promoting traits. Besides other characteristics, some rhizobacteria have distinguished ability to possess an enzyme 1- aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACCD), an immediate precursor of ethylene. Bacterial ACC-deaminase activity modulates endogenous production of ethylene in the rhizosphere thus endorse plant growth promotion. Hence, Use of beneficial bacterial inoculation was assessed through compost and varying level of mineral fertilization in order to improve growth, yield and quality attributes of oil seed crops under study. Organic amendment like compost not only provides an ideal tool for integrated nutrient management with PGPR but also represents a perfect substrate for microbial growth of diverse nature. Integrated effect of rhizobacterial inoculation with organic and inorganic amendments on sunflower and soybean was examined in a variety of experiments. Minimal salt medium with ACC as an ace source of nitrogen had been employed to isolate beneficial bacteria from rhizosphere of both oil seed crops. For authentification, these isolates were further monitored for their diverse plant growth promoting abilities under gnotobiotic conditions. Selected rhizobacterial isolates were further screened under pot experiment in addition to evaluate general growth pattern under pot experiments. Finally, based on performance under pot conditions rhizobacteria were chosen for field trials in two seasons (spring and winter) grown sunflower and soybean respectively. Characterization of selected rhizobacterial isolates was also carried out for several plant growth enhancing attributes. It had been viewed that ACC- deaminase based bacterial biotechnology improved growth, yield and qualitative features of sunflower and soybean through integrated management approach rather than sole inoculation and mineral fertilization