Sejarah dan Eksistensi Ekonomi Islam pada Era Global di Asia Tenggara

Sharia Economics of Southeast Asian countries has been existing, with a close relationship with their society, since the early arrival of Islam and its spreading in this archipelago through the period of the Islamic Kingdoms up till today. The unity of this Islamic economy with its society because the society has made their identity as Islam so that their habits, customs, economic system, and Worldview are identical to Islam. However, the implementation of the Islamic economic system and its financial activities were interrupted by the existing of colonialism. After their independence from colonization, the country such as Malaysia, Indonesia, and Brunei Darussalam initiated to raise awareness and conducted studies on the Islamic economic system. Even the government has a commitment to achieve the World's prominent center of Islamic economy. This year's report by The State of global Islamic economists reveal that ASEAN countries have succeeded in positioning their countries as a largest of sharia financial center in the world.

Stress Coping Strategies Used by Teachers in a Private Education System, Gitgit-Baltistan

Teachers' stress has been recognized to effect teachers' performance throughout the world. It is found to be one of the key factors leading to bum out. Therefore, research and studies have been focusing teachers' stress and the ways that can help teachers cope with their distress. It has been observed that teachers deal with stress by using different coping strategies. These strategies could vary depending upon different contextual realities. It is, therefore, important to know these realities. Moreover, it is also important to know through research as what coping strategies would work in one particular context. So that teachers are helped by guiding them to the right attitude towards stress and by informing them about the ways that can help them overcome their problems. I Ience, studies are needed that should inform educators and teacher trainers about how to proactively prepare teachers for dealing with their stresses. The purpose of this study was to explore the stress coping strategies used by teachers and the reasons that motivate teachers for adopting these strategies. The study also looked at the impact of the coping mechanisms on teachers' well-being and professional efficacy. The study employed a mixed-methods design and was done in two phases; phase one explored the coping strategies used by teachers working in a Private Educations System (PES) using a quantitative survey, whereas phase two, looked at the reason for the use of certain strategies and the impact of these strategies on teachers' health and profession using qualitative interviews. Sixty nine teachers from PES participated in phase one and three teachers, two male and one female, participated in phase two. These teachers were teaching different subjects at secondary level. The survey and interviews were used as main modes of data collection. The data analysis for the quantitative phase was done was done through SPSS and for qualitative phase was done by making codes and then developing themes and sub-themes which were further analyzed in depth. The findings of the data reveal that teachers employ emotion focused and problem focused coping strategies by appraising the situation of stress after appraising the situation of stress. Here, their learning from past experience and teachers' personal characteristics mediate the process of appraisal. The impact of the coping strategies used have been different for different individuals again depending upon their personal characteristics such as interpersonal, communication and problem solving skills. Therefore, it is recommended that teachers