سرفخرالدین
۱۹؍ جون ۱۹۳۳ء کی صبح کو مشرقی ہند کے مرکزی شہر پٹنہ کے جسم سے روح نے مفارفت کی، سرفخرالدین وزیر تعلیمات جو وہاں کے سب سے زیادہ ہر دلعزیز مسلمان تھے، ۶۵ برس کی عمر میں وفات پائی، ان چند مہینوں کے اندر اس شہر کے وہ پرانے نئے تعلیمیافتہ اصحاب جو وہاں کی مجلس کی شمعِ بزم افروز تھے، ایک ایک کرکے رخصت ہوگئے، سر علی امام کی وفات پر سیاسی تدبر و قابلیت کا ماتم ہوا، حسن امام کے مرنے پر قانون دانی کا نوحہ پڑھاگیا، لیکن سرفخرالدین کی رحلت پر انسانیت اور اس کی شرافت کا ماتم ہے۔
مرحوم نیک دل، متواضع، فیاض، مشرقیت پسند اور دیندار تھے، اسی لئے انکی وفات پر پورے صوبہ نے ماتم کیا، شہر کے سب سے بڑے میدان میں پورے شہر نے نماز جنازہ پڑھی اور صوبہ کے سب سے مقدس مقام پھلواری شریف میں اپنے مرشدین کے مقبرہ میں جگہ پائی، اﷲ تعالیٰ مرحوم کی روح پر اپنی مغفرت کے پھول برسائے۔
(سید سلیمان ندوی،جولائی ۱۹۳۳ء)
Islamic Philosophy of the Rights of Non-Muslims Minorties: An Analysis in Qur’ᾱnic Perspective Islam is complete code of life for entire humankind. According to the Holy Quran all human beings have been created from a single person (Adam). By birth all are equal and have all fundamental rights irrespective of their religion. If a group is numerically inferior to the rest of the population of state in a non-dominant position, will not be considered minority according to Quran. Quran classify people into two different categories: believers and non-believers on the base of their belief instead of numerical value. Minorities enjoy all fundamental rights and freedoms in Islamic territory. This article demonstrates in the light of Quran that Islam does not discriminate between Muslims and non-Muslims in the matter of rights and will clarify the objection of western propaganda that Islam is rigid for non-believers. There are different types of Non-Muslims living in Islamic state as minority. According to Quran, concept of minority is unique, minority does not mean inferior in number. This paper will reveal the types of minorities and their specific rights along with their basic rights too. It has been concluded that Islam is only religion which offers basic human rights at the level of equality irrespective their religion.
Agricultural development has always been the main concern of development agencies throughout the world. The importance of extension service becomes vital especially for the developing countries including Pakistan where majority of labour force is employed in agriculture. An extension service is primarily responsible for the transfer of technology among the target users. It can perform its job effectively if the extension agents are professionally and technically competent. The Agricultural Extension System in Pakistan is under heavy criticism now-a-days for not performing its job effectively. Hence, there is dire need to identify the training needs of the extension personnel working at various levels to prepare a competent work force. Extension Agents must be proficient in a number of professional competencies that includes capabilities; Planning for Agriculture Extension Program, Use of Extension Methods, Communication/Presentation Skills, Supervision and Administration, Evaluation, Skills of Participatory Extension Techniques, Computer Skill/Knowledge, and Public Relation Techniques. Therefore the present study was designed to analyze, identify and prioritize the training needs of extension personnel working in Punjab, Pakistan. All the extension agents especially Agriculture Officers (AOs) constituted the population for this study. A sample size of 212 respondents was selected by using Fitz-Gibbon Table (1987). A simple random sampling technique was used for selection of respondents and face to face interaction technique was used to collect data for analysis. The data were analyzed statistically by using appropriate computer software “Statistical Package for Social Sciences”. It also presents the possessed and required levels of technical and professional competencies and the difference between required and possessed level were calculated through discrepancy value. On the basis of calculated discrepancy value the identified training needs were assessed and prioritized accordingly. The required training areas which receive high discrepancy values were “the computer skills/ knowledge” with DV=2.22, followed by “the communication and presentation skills” with DV=1.929, and followed by “technical competencies” with DV=1.927, which indicates that in these two categories the extension personnel needs training on priority basis for effective and efficient job performance.