38. Sad/Saad
I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah
The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.
38:01
a. Saad.
b. By The Divine Qur’an - full of Remembrance and Reminders.
38:02
a. They do not have any reason to reject it.
b. Instead, those who disbelieve are lost in conceit and dissent.
38:03
a. How many generations have WE destroyed before them for the same sins!
b. Then they cried out for help when it was far too late to repent and escape the punishment.
38:04
a. Yet they are surprised that a Warner should come to them from among themselves.
b. And the disbelievers say to one another:
c. ‘This Prophet is a deceiver, a liar!’
38:05
a. How ‘has he made our worshipful entities into only One worshipful entity of Allah?
b. Surely this is very astonishing and a curious thing, indeed!’
38:06
a. And the leaders among them went about saying:
b. ‘Let us go out of here.
c. And remain faithful to your worshipful entities.
d. Indeed, this is what is extremely desirable.’
38:07
a. ‘We have not heard anything like this in the religion of these later days.
b. So this concept is nothing but a fabrication.’
38:08
a. How has the Reminder - The Qur’an - been sent down on to him alone from among all of us?
b. No!
c. Instead, they are lost in doubts about MY Reminder.
d. No!
e. In fact, they have not yet tasted MY Punishment!
38:09
a. They think that no one else deserves...
Dalam menjalankan organisasi sekolah, seorang pemimpin harus mampu mengemudikan dan menjalankan organisasinya. Artinya seorang pemimpin harus mampu membawa perubahan, karena perubahan adalah tujuan pokok dari kepemimpinan. Tujuan penelitian di antaranya untuk mendeskripsikan gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Mujahidin Loloan Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif. Teknis pengumpulan data menggunakan tiga cara yaitu observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis dengan mengikuti prosedur Reduksi data, Display data, dan kesimpulan Hasil dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa: Pertama, Gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Mujahidin Loloan Barat lebih dominan menggunakan gaya kepemimpinan demokratis dan dalam pengambilan keputusan yang mendesak, gaya kepemimpinan yang digunakan adalah gaya kepemimpinan otokrasi atau otoriter. Kedua, Kinerja guru di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Mujahidin Loloan Barat dapat dikatakan sangat baik dan tingkat tinggi karena dengan melihat kompetensi guru yang meliputi kompetensi paedagodik, kompetensi kepribadian, kompetensi sosial, dan kompetensi profesional. Ketiga, Manajemen kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam peningkatan kinerja guru di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Mujahidin Loloan Barat dapat dikatakan sangat baik dengan menggunakan gaya kepemimpinan demokratis dan otoriter serta supervisi observasi kelas dalam kegiatan-kegiatan, yaitu kegiatan harian, mingguan, bulanan, dan semester.
The main objective of the present study was to study bacterial diversity in the root nodules and rhizosphere of chickpea varieties growing in different regions of Pakistan by cultivation on growth media as well as by using culture-independent DNA-based techniques. A total of 60 isolates, including symbiotic (10 isolates) as well as free-living bacteria (50 isolates), were purified from “Desi-type” and “Kabuli-type” chickpea varieties collected from 5 different localities. In pure culture, maximum IAA production was recorded in Kocuria sp. RTL99 (37.77 μg/mL) and maximum phosphate solubilization was recorded in Serratia sp. 5D (119.94 μg/mL). Among the bacterial inocula tested in pot and field experiments, co-inoculation of Mesorhizobium sp. NTY7 and Ensifer sp. NFY8 was found to be the most effective treatment at all localities and on both varieties of chickpea. To investigate bacterial diversity by culture-independent DNA-based technique, DNA extracted from root nodules and rhizospheric soil was used for pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA and nifH genes. 16S rRNA sequences originating from the nodules revealed occurrence of 10 bacterial phyla. At genus level, 16S rRNA sequences of 111 genera (70.78 % of the total sequences) of culturable bacteria were retrieved from nodule DNA along with 29.22 % sequences of “uncultured” bacteria. In the nodules, a significant fraction i.e., 52.77 % of 16S rRNA sequences and 88.83 % of the nifH sequences among the total sequences retrieved from all sites belonged to genus Mesorhizobium. The 16S rRNA sequences originating from the rhizospheric soil revealed enormous diversity of 22 bacterial phyla. At genus level, 16S rRNA sequences of 313 genera (29.72 % of the total sequences) of culturable bacteria were retrieved from rhizospheric soil DNA along with 70.28 % sequences of “uncultured” bacteria. Mesorhizobial 16S rRNA and nifH sequences retrieved from rhizospheric soil comprised 0.265 % and 16.68 % of the total recovered sequences, respectively. In the present study, sequences related to well-known plant growth promoting rhizobacteria Serratia spp. were frequently detected, which lead to targeted isolation of two Serratia strains from the nodules. Both the isolates showed growth improvement of chickpea when used as inoculants for chickpea grown at different localities.