خواجہ محمد خلیل رحمۃ اللہ علیہ حیات، علمی، ادبی و تصنیفی خدمات

Khuwaja Muhammad Khalil Khan (R.A) was born in 1920 A.D In Aligarh and completed his Islamic Education under Syed Amjad Ali Azmi, he was among of the prominent contemporary in the Literarily History of Subcontinent. His masterly work as reformer in the major fields of Islamic Sciences show his profound approach to them. He wrote on jurisprudence, Commentary on Hadith, Doctrines, and on societal problems. Of which few books are prescribed for syllabus at national and international seminaries. He led the foundation of AHSAN UL BARKAT in Hyderabad which is spring of scholars. His areas of studies comprises on different fields of Islamic Studies. His remarkable work on the particular fields also reflects his deep study on it. The aim of this paper is to produce before muslim ummah the unparalleled services of this great Hanafi scholar of Sindh; Khuwaja Muhammad Khalil Khan (RA) not only proved himself as a distinguished jurist, but also regarded as an authority by the scholars of the Pak o Hind, who used to refer him for the solution of religious problems.

Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio Based on Smart Antenna

In this thesis, spectrum sharing in cognitive radio based on smart antenna is considered. The thesis is divided into two parts. In first part, the convex optimization has been used for parallel spectrum sharing in cognitive radio environment with smart antenna. Three different algorithms are proposed in this domain. First algorithm maximizes cognitive user SINR subject to the constraint that interference level must kept below a predefined limit for primary user. This improves the quality of service of cognitive user at the same time by preventing the primary user from the interference. Second algorithm deals with the situation when primary and cognitive users are in the same direction. In this case cognitive user gain is optimized subject to the separation angle. This will minimize cognitive gain and the spectrum will be utilized by primary user. Third algorithm optimizes the power of cognitive user, based on the separation angle between cognitive user and primary users. This optimized power of cognitive user will have minimum interference affect on primary user. In second part of thesis, spectrum sharing in cognitive radio is achieved through side-lobe suppression by using the generalized side-lobe cancellation (GSC). For this purpose, multiple GSCs are used in parallel to suppress side-lobes. This result in reduced side-lobe level at the primary receiver, thus the interference of cognitive user towards primary user will be kept in limits. Similarly in case of reduction of side-lobes levels of cognitive receiver, the interference of primary towards cognitive user will be reduced. Hence, this thesis is supportive and effective to embed the smart antenna in cognitive radio. The simulation results have been generated in diversified environments to verify the validity of the proposed algorithms. Results have been compared with the existing classical techniques.