سکون کی لحد میں اب اتر ہی جائیں گے
یہ قلزم ِ خوں پار اب تو کر ہی جائیں گے
اس آس پر ہی کاٹ دی ہے غم زدوں نے عمر
دن اپنے ہیں برے تو کیا گزر ہی جائیں گے
Rules of Tafseer are basically concerned with understanding meaning of the Holy Qur’an and learn how to take advantage of it. This article preliminary defines the importance of Rules of Tafseer of the Qur’an and also elaborates the different terminologies associated with rules of Tafseer and how these rules are made and developed with the passage of time. This paper also provides an insight into the previous and current studies carried out in the field of Rules of Tafseer. In the beginning, the Rules of Tafseer were considered as part of Usool-e-Fiqh, Tafseer and Qur’anic Science. The knowledge and awareness about Rules of Tafseer was actually accumulated from the Holy Qur’an, Hadith, teachings’ of Sahabah (R. A), Usool-e-Fiqh, Arabic grammar, books of Quranic Science and books of Tafseer, while later on new books were introduced in 14th century.
Hypericum oblongifolium is a flowering plant in Hypericaceae family. It is found at an altitude of 4000-6000 meter especially, in Himalaya, China and northern parts of Pakistan. It has been traditionally used in Chinese herbal medicine for treatment of bacterial and viral infection, burns, hepatitis, swellings, bruises, nasal hemorrhage and inflammations. A series of pharmacological properties, ranging from wound healing and antiseptic to antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, ethanol intake inhibition and apoptosis-inducing activities have been associated with this plant. This plant has been proved to be act as anti-ulcer, anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory agent. The plants also contain compounds which are chymotrypsin, urease and lipoxygenase inhibitors. H. oblongifolium have also been reported for its antispasmodic, bronchodilator, hypotensive and anti-myocardial infraction behavior. In the present study whole plant of H. oblongifolium was selected for the identification and isolation of medicinally important natural products present in it. From the chloroform and ethyl acetate soluble fractions of H. oblongifolium, sixteen compounds have been isolated. Four compounds were considered as new natural products, while twelve compounds were identified as known compounds. Their structures were elucidated by the use of sophisticated modern spectroscopic techniques (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HMBC, HMQC, 1H-1H- COSY, NOESY, HREIMS and HR-FAB-MS) and several chemical tests. Following are the structures of new compounds.