پروفیسر نورالحسن کی رحلت
ملک کے مشہور مورخ و عالم اور مغربی بنگال کے گورنر پروفیسر نورالحسن کی طبیعت عرصہ سے خراب تھی، وہ علاج کے لیے امریکہ جانے والے تھے کہ مرض میں شدت ہوگئی اور ۱۶؍ جون کو ایس۔ایس۔ایم اسپتال کلکتہ میں داخل ہوئے جہاں ۱۲؍ جولائی کو ۷۲ سال کی عمر میں رحلت فرماگئے اور جامعہ ملیہ اسلامیہ دہلی کے قبرستان میں دفن ہوئے۔
پروفیسر نورالحسن کا دادھیال اور نانہال کو علمی، تعلیمی اور دنیاوی حیثیت سے بڑی وجاہت حاصل تھی، ان کا اصل آبائی وطن فیض آباد تھا، ان کے والد عبدالمحسن مرحوم وہاں کے ڈپٹی کلکٹر بھی تھے، حسن خدمت کی بنا پر برطانوی حکومت نے ان کو خان بہادر کا خطاب دیا۔ وہ صوبائی سکریٹریٹ کے مختلف شعبوں میں جوائنٹ سکریٹری بھی رہے اور ریٹائرمنٹ کے بعد ریاست رام پور میں ایک اعلیٰ عہدہ پر فائز ہوئے، پھر شیعہ سنٹرل وقف بورڈ اترپردیش کے صدر مقرر ہوئے۔ نورالحسن مرحوم کا نانہال جونپور میں تھا وہ سروزیر حسن کے نواسے اور سید علی ظہیر اور سید سجاد ظہیر وغیرہ کے حقیقی بھانجے تھے، بعد میں نانہالی اور دادھیالی عزیز لکھنؤ میں متوطن ہوگئے، یہیں ۲۶؍ دسمبر ۱۹۲۱ء کو نورالحسن صاحب پیدا ہوئے تھے۔
ان کی تعلیم الٰہ آباد میں ہوئی، طالب علمی کے زمانے ہی سے تقریر میں وہ اپنا جوہر دکھلانے لگے تھے، اکثر تقریری مقابلوں میں انہیں فرسٹ پرائز ملتی۔ بعد میں وہ بہت اچھے مقرر ہوئے، وہ اسٹوڈنٹس فیڈریشن کے ممبر اور الٰہ آباد یونیورسٹی یونین کے سکریٹری بھی رہے۔ پھر اعلیٰ تعلیم کے لیے برطانیہ گئے، ان کا خاص موضوع تاریخ تھا جس کے وہ ماہر و محقق تھے، ۱۹۵۰ء میں آکسفورڈ سے ڈاکٹریٹ کی ڈگری لی۔
مرحوم کی عملی زندگی کا آغاز درس و تدریس سے ہوا، پہلے وہ لکھنؤ یونیورسٹی میں درس و تدریس...
The government of General Ayub Khan (Former President of Pakistan) established an Institution in 1960, in the name of Idarah Tahqeeqat Islami (Islamic Research Institute). Dr, Fazlur Rahman, was the visiting professor at the institute remained on the rank of director of the year 1961 to 768 in seven years. And later, he serves as an advisor to the Islamic Ideology council. The writer who was published by the Institute of Islamic Research was the first editor of "Fikr-o - Nazar”. The scholars were considered as 'expertise of logic and philosophy' as 'interpretation of the Qur'an'. It is mentioned in the various verses of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). The slaughtering of zakat in 'zakat' animal slaughtering 'basic laws and family planning' matters of marriage and Sunnah, such as the month of revelation, and their opinions have earned great reputation. And because of which they were accused of denying the heavenly nature of the Qur'an. Therefore, the first step towards Islamic thinking regarding the Islamic idea was to put an eye on Islamic law and religious beliefs on Islam. According to their plan, the difference between the Quranic verses and the verses and the laws of the law, is the difference. Regarding the meanings, his axis received: The beginning of the tradition and the meaning of 'the law of the law' is the word and the law. Islamic Laws' Principles Concernedly speaking about issues like Fiqh and Qa'as and al-Azai speak.
The challenges accompanying socio-ecological and demographic transformations in the urban areas necessitate for coordinated efforts to ensure urban ecological resilience. Trans-disciplinary analytical construct of urban eco-system services (UES) empowers the policy makers and urban planners to synchronize the orientations of human impacts and resilience of ecological resources in urban areas. The current study provides a systematic overview about the research orientations, approaches and techniques used in the recent studies regarding UES. The study examined: what types of evaluation methods were adopted in the recent UES research? What is their spatial and temporal pattern? What types of UES were focused and environmental components relied upon for the assessment? To address these questions, 116 relevant publications were scrutinized by using a set of assessment criteria. The findings indicated a lesser focus in research towards UES in developing countries as compared to the volume and increasing share of their urban population. The study also establishes that an overwhelming proportion of the UES research was carried out in the industrialized countries of the northern hemisphere but rather skewed towards studying regulatory eco-system services. The recommendations for improving the relevancy of contemporary research for stakeholders were made. The present study deciphers the impacts of urban planning and role of socio-economic determinants on the perception about urban vegetation. The residents inhabiting the planned (Islamabad) and the semi-planned (Rawalpindi) urban centres were the study population. Both urban areas, lying in close proximity, face rapid transformations in LULC due to urbanization. Despite their closeness, such variants as discrepancies in the standards of urban-planning and socio-economic characteristics of inhabitants make them apt study-sites. The inhabitants’ perception was tapped regarding the importance of urban vegetation, temporal and spatial changes and their impacts. The majority concurred to its efficacy, a substantial proportion observed transformations in it over time while a reasonable number perceived these changes as negative and unwelcome. Such socio-economic determinants as location, education, gender, ownership status of residence and income of respondents were studied, deploying Statistical analyses (KW). Responses varied, with location and income weighing-in more heavily. Pairwise comparison (WRST) further vindicated the results. Urbanization is sure to tarnish the environmental sustainability of both cities. Synchronized efforts from all stakeholders are a must. LULC changes transform everything. They test the resilience of natural environment making their study imperative.Such advanced tools as remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) were deployed and assessments made by developing codes in the Google earth engine (GEE). The current investigation used Islamabad and Rawalpindi as contextual settings. These physically close cities are distanced by contradictory policies and management frameworks rendering them as perfect locales for research. Temporal quantitative fluctuations in the selected LULC were observed and shrinkages and expansions noticed according to the varying human needs. Population-growth and migration have, primarily, triggered these transformations. The intrusion of private conglomerates for their business gains, made urbanization unruly.The study reveals how organized land-management policies succeeded in Islamabad and compromised policies failed in Rawalpindi. Effective legislation and compelling implementation are indispensable for sustained urban growth. Urbanization is proving stressful for the supply-demand budget of eco-system Services (ESS) and a real challenge of the present times. It is accelerating in Pakistan and demands enhanced focus on ESS research. Keeping in view the contextual constraints, the land cover-based Matrix Model was relied upon. It linked the LULC types of the study area for assessments of supply and demand potential of ESS by integrating expertbased judgments. The findings established that the built up areas are the principal consumer and ecological resources as producers of ESS in the study context. The degeneration in the performances of ecological infrastructure is more acute in Rawalpindi as compared to Islamabad. The observed variations are rooted in the differences in the socio-demographic aspects planning and management.The findings confirmed that the matrix model is a pragmatic option for assessing the supply-demand potentials of ESS in developing regions.