تقریظ اول
حافظ محمد اکرم راشد کا تعلق ایک علمی گھرانے سے ہے اور اپنی وراثت کو جو علم کی صورت انھیں اپنے آبا ئواجداد سے ورثے میںملی ہے، تشنگانِ علم کو منتقل کرنے کے لیے ہمیشہ مستعد رہتے ہیں۔ موصوف عارف والا کی ایک مرکزی مسجد میں خطابت کے فرائض سر انجام دے رہے ہیں۔اِن کا تحریری کام مختلف جرائد میں گاہے بگاہے چھپتا رہتا ہے۔
زیرِ نظر کتاب’’ نسیم سخن‘‘جو تقاریر کا مجموعہ ہے یہ ایک عظیم کام ہے۔ آپ کی ایک اور کتاب قبل ازیں ’’نگارشاتِ راشد‘‘ کے نام سے زیورِ طباعت سے سے مزین ہو کر منظرِ عام پر آچکی ہے۔ آپ نے انتہائی محنت ،لگن اور خدمتِ خلق کے جذبے سے سرشار ہو کرنسیم سخن (جو تقریروں کا مجموعہ ہے) کو عوام الناس کے لیے باالعموم اور طلبا کے لیے بالخصوص مدون کیا۔ تقریباً تقریروں کا یہ مجموعہ فی البدیہہ تحریروں پر مشتمل ہے جو موصوف کی کی اس فن سے کما حقہ آگہی پر شاہدہے۔ ان میں سے اکثر تقریریں گزشتہ دور میں انعقاد پذیر ہونے والے سرکاری سطح کے مقابلہ جات میں پوزیشنیں حاصل کر چکی ہیں۔اللہ تعالیٰ ان کی اس کاوش کو قبول فرمائے۔
میاں اظہر طارق وٹو
اسسٹنٹ کمشنر، عارف والا
Background: Management of subfertility is influenced by the diagnosis of its causative factor. Combined diagnostic hystero-laparoscopy has emerged as an effective procedure in identifying causative factors of female subfertility. Objectives: This study aimed to identify contributory factors to primary female subfertility by diagnostic hystero-laparoscopy. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Hameed Latif hospital, Lahore, Pakistan from December 2021 to May 2022. Data was collected from 344 women with female primary subfertility, undergoing combined diagnostic hystero-laparascopy. All the demographic data along with identified causative factors (tubal blockade, cervical Os stenosis, endometrial polyp, uterine septum, uterine fibroid, endometriosis, peri tubal adhesions and polycystic ovaries) during the procedure were recorded in predesigned study proforma. Data were analyzed through SPSS software 23. Results: Mean age of the patients was 25±5.0 years and the mean duration of subfertility was 3.8+0.55 years. Two hundred and eighty-four (82.56%) patients had abnormal findings, while sixty (17.44%) had normal findings. Out of 284 patients, 94(34%) had one identified factor, while 190 (66%) patients had two or more identified factors for primary subfertility. Polycystic ovaries were seen in 128(37.21%) patients, followed by tubal blockade in 81(23.54%), peri tubal adhesions/hydrosalpinx in 58(16.86%) patients. Conclusions: Diagnostic hystero-laparoscopy is an effective diagnostic procedure for the evaluation of female factor subfertility and may be helpful to gynecologists in devising further management plans.
The cut flower industry of Pakistan is at its initial stages of development and growers are producing cut flowers only in open field. Tuberose is heat loving plant and can successfully be grown with little care, which makes it the only choice for the cut flower growers during summer season in Punjab, Pakistan. More often local florist markets become glutted with it during peak production time, which results in heavy postharvest losses and price drop, causing economic losses to the tuberose stakeholders, viz. growers, wholesalers and retailers. At present no valid data base is available regarding the postharvest handling practices being followed by the local tuberose stakeholders. Keeping in view popularity of tuberose among local growers and high market demand in local flower markets, present study was initiated to develop a valid database for postharvest handling protocols by the tuberose stakeholders. Study was completed in two phases, in first phase a survey of tuberose stakeholders was conducted. Survey results demonstrated that all postharvest handling practices currently used by the stakeholders were not as per recommended international standards. Therefore, in the second phase, a series of postharvest experiments were performed to find out best suited postharvest handling practices for cut tuberose spikes, viz., optimal harvest stage, pulsing, packaging materials, storage method and durations, water quality and vase preservative solutions. The study concluded that the best stage for harvesting spikes was when lower buds are fully mature and have expanded but yet not opened. Among various pulsing treatments, 10% sucrose plus 50 mg L-1 salicylic acid for 24 hours proved best for extending vase life. Storage of spikes in water (wet) proved best for storage of spikes up to six days at 4±2 0C. Likewise cut spikes wrapped in polythene sleeves alone or packed in floral boxes lined with polythene stored at 4±2 0C up to 3 days had longest vase life and better quality and this storage period can be extended up to 6 days in dark without any significant loss of quality. Spikes kept in carbonated plus distilled water (1:1) performed best followed by distilled, deionizes and reverse osmosis water for various spike and floret characteristics. Vase solution containing 2% sucrose plus 50 mg L-1 salicylic acid had the longest postharvest longevity and maintained quality of cut tuberose spikes. In summary, vase life of cut tuberose spikes can be considerably extended by following proper postharvest handling protocols.