مولانا عبدالشکور
ہمارے پرانے نامور علماء ایک ایک کرکے، اٹھتے جاتے ہیں، افسوس ہے کہ ان کی آخری یادگار مولانا عبدالشکور صاحب نے بھی سفر آخرت اختیار کیا، مولانا کی ذات جامع کمالات اور اس دور میں سلف صالحین کا نمونہ تھی، علم و عمل اور دین و تقویٰ میں ان کا درجہ بہت بلند تھا، تعلیم و تدریس، تالیف و تصنیف، وعظ و تبلیغ، ارشاد و ہدایت ہر راہ میں ان کے نمایاں کارنامے ہیں، تقریباً نصف صدی تک ان کا فیض جاری رہا، اور ان کے ذریعہ بہتوں کو ہدایت حاصل ہوئی، ایک زمانہ میں پورے ہندوستان میں ان کے کارناموں کی شہرت تھی، مگر ادھر پچیس تیس سال سے انھوں نے خاموشی اور گوشی نشینی کی زندگی اختیار کرلی تھی، اور موتو اقبل ان تموتوا کی عملی تفسیر بن گئے تھے، اب ایسے ربانی علماء کا پیدا ہونا مشکل ہے، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کے خدمات کو قبول اور ان کے مدارج بلند فرمائے۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی، جنوری ۱۹۶۲ء)
This article deals with analytical studies of ‘’Kulliyat-e-Bullehy Shah تایلک ہاش ےھلب’’one of the most important Poetry book of Bullehy Shah Wich has been set up by Dr. Faqir Muhammad by Punjab Literature Academy and Published y from Lahore in 1960. In it, I have presented a short life sketch of Baba Bullehy Shah, who is recognized as the poet of Punjabi and poet of Islam. Baba Bullehy Shah is a world renowned personality. His poetry opens new horizons of knowledge for us. Especially it created ripples in the Arab world. He is included in great Islamic poets. He was conceiver of Sufiism in Punjab and proselytizer of Islam, Qura’n and Hadith are the obvious imprints on his poetry. He had great love for Qura’n. I intended to introduce it to the readers, particularly the Allusions )تاحیملت(used in this work. The real and literal meanings of such Allusions have been elaborated in it. I also have highlighted the Quranic Allusions used by Bullehy Shah in this work. And also analyzing them. In this paper it has been picked this aspect in his poetry that how much his poetry was in flounced by Islamic in junction.
The current research study was designed to characterize leaf, peel and pulp of locally grown black variety of common fig (Ficus carica) followed by development of functional product and exploring its hypocholesterolemic & hypoglycemic potential through animal modelling. For the purpose, raw material (Ficus carica fruit & leaves) was procured from Abbotabad (Khyber Pakhtun Kha) and extracted with aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic solvents. Compositional analysis elucidated that fig components are good source of fiber, protein and minerals. Regarding extraction efficiency, aqueous solvent exhibited the highest recovery (8.17%) followed by methanolic (7.65%) and ethanolic (7.30%) solvents, respectively. Total phenolics, anthocyanins and flavonoids were found in descending order in leaf, peel and pulp, correspondingly. Amount of cyanidine-3-rutinoside was the highest in aqueous extract of fruit peel. Functional cakes were developed from three distinct levels (75, 150 and 225ppm) of leaf, peel and pulp extracts along with control for selection of best treatment and further using in bioevaluation trials. The developed cakes were evaluated in sensory analysis. Likewise, crust color, crumb color, taste & overall quality of cakes were scored best for T1 (150 ppm leaf extract) in comparison to control, while flavor, texture and cell uniformity were not altered by extracts. Afterwards, efficacy study in rats was conducted through two consecutive trials I & II for the validity of results. Rats were segregated into three main groups for normal, hypercholesterolemic and hyperglycemic studies based on diets. Each study comprised of four groups of rats ten in each. 150ppm leaf, peel and pulp extracts were supplemented in diets in addition to control after confirmation of raised glucose and cholesterol level in different rat groups. The consumption of different fig treatments imparted non-substantial effect on feed and drink intake during entire study. Cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides were significantly reduced by different fig extracts however, pronounced decrease as (10.96 & 11.12), (13.56 & 12.25) and (9.64 & 9.01) % was examined for leaf extract during trial I & II, respectively. The significant increase in HDL was also recorded in rats feeding leaf extract based diet from 59±3.04 to 60.78±3.51 and 57±3.22 to 58.70±3.35 mg/dL, respectively. Fig leaf extract was most effective than rest of the treatments and reduced glucose from 98±4.25 to 90.90±4.38 and 100±4.13 to 93.46±4.29 mg/dL in respective trials. Moreover, insulin level was also improved as 7.12, 5.23 & 3.56% by feeding leaf, peel and pulp extract in trial I and similar trend was observed in trial II. Furthermore, urea & creatinine level of fig extract fed rats was recorded as low as compared to control group, in which pulp affected least these parameters. AST, ALT & ALP concentrations were deceased in normal, hyperglycemic and hypercholesterolemic studies in descending fashion leaf>peel>pulp in both trials. Conclusively, fig leaf should be included in diet therapy in addition to fig fruit due to health promoting potential that can combat lifestyle related disorders.