TELETHERAPY- AN INNOVATIVE WAY OF TREATMENT IN THE FIELD OF OCCUPAIONAL THERAPY IN PAKISTAN

Teletherapy is an emerging and enlarging tool for having treatment in occupational therapy in rehabilitation sciences among occupational therapists all over the world mainly in Pakistan, especially during the era of COVID-19. A lot of studies have been done already highlighting the paramount of teletherapy around the world but it is a new rising mode of treatment in Pakistan coming to light. Therapists and Patients throughout the country making the most of this treatment way respectively and hence this method of treatment while using of technologies is highly being appreciated. The aim of this study is to foster and encourage the use of this technology in third-world countries like Pakistan. It is the most used treatment tool during COVID-19 among occupational therapists all over the country and is highly appreciated in order to cut-down the negative circumstances of a one-to-one session in which therapist and patient is in highly close contact to each other. This course of action has advocate the on-going rehabilitation treatment and has kept away people from COVID-19 expansion to the most extent. In this study, a 5years old boy was included with an under-diagnostic process within the umbrella term of genetic disorder. Having genetic disorder, his sessions were taken in tele-clinic using video call technology during COVID-19. In this process, AOTA Occupational Therapy Tele-Health Decision Guide, AOTA Occupational Profile Template, AOTA Advisory Opinion for the Ethics Commission Teletherapy, i-PiCS-Internet-Based Parent-Implemented Communication Strategies Program, and modeling strategy were followed.

Gender Based Discriminatory Human Resource Practices: An Identification of the Etiological Factors and its Remedies

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to identify HR based gender discriminatory issues. It is a cross-sectional study conducted in Pakistani context specifically in the Universities of Karachi. This study is conducted in six phases. Method: This research utilizes pragmatism philosophy. The researcher has adopted subjective and objective both point of views. The research approach used in this research is inductive in phase one and deductive in phase two, three and four. The research strategy employed is survey and mix method research is conducted. This cross-sectional survey comprises of 6 Phases. Findings: In phase one etiological factors of gender discrimination are explored using inductive type of multi method quantitative approach. Using Grounded theory technique, in-depth interviews and focus group technique have also been used along with that observation technique is also used to find out the ground realities. In phase two the findings of phase one have been tested objectively using hypothetico-deductive method. Discriminant analysis is done to find out the factors towards discrimination. The findings show that there is significant difference of procedural justice, informational justice, distributive justice, interactional justice, behavioural ethics and salary across the genders. Discriminant function is also derived in this phase. In phase three the theory is developed by the researcher using structural equation modelling and the impact of gender discriminatory HR practices on job satisfaction is tested quantitatively using deductive technique. Practical implications: This study is useful for HR practitioners because discrimination decreases the efficiency and productivity levels of employees. HR must formulate such policies that help the organizations to minimize or eliminate discriminatory HR practices at workplace. Social Implications: This paper is highly useful for HR practitioners, human rights organizations since it is also useful to save human rights. Limitations: Time, finances and geographical limitations Originality/value: The study is of great value to HR practitioners and human right workers. Keywords: Gender, discrimination, culture, Human resource practices.