THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL NETWORK SITES AND SOCIAL ANXIETY AMONG UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS.

The study explore the relationship between social media communication and social anxiety among undergraduate students. The respondents were selected using a simple random technique. The data was collected by self-administered interview among 100 undergraduate students in Universiti Putra Malaysia. The Instruments used for data collection includes; Social Anxiety Questionnaire for Adults (SAQ-A30) and The Internet Addiction Test (IAT). Study revealed that Facebook was the most common social media patronized with 36 (36.70%) patronage, followed by Instagram with 33 (33.70%), WhatsApp 19 (19.40%) and finally Twitter with 10 (10.20%). Based on the respondents, most students use the social media for social communications and seeking information. The level of social anxiety among most undergraduate students of Human Ecology faculty in Universiti Putra Malaysia is high because approximately two third of the respondents possessed the higher score in social anxiety level. This implies that most undergraduate students of Universiti Putra Malaysia are up to date in information gathering and the use of social network has helped to facilitate social interaction among fellow students and friends thereby reducing the likelihood of students suffering social anxiety disorder.

Developing Entrepreneurial Model for Pakistani Smes a Case Study on Commercial Fast-Food Smes

This thesis has endeavored to develop an entrepreneurial model for Pakistani SMEs. While developing the model, the author has benefited from the experiences of successful entrepreneurs engaged in commercial fast-food sector. The research was conducted through a survey instrument, adopted from the validated questionnaires of the previous research. The instrument included 29 items. This study had a sample size of 257 and these individuals were successful commercial fast-food entrepreneurs. Data collected through survey was statistically analyzed and linear and stepwise regressions were used to test the research hypotheses. The results show that essentially four factors namely culture and environment, resources, innovation and opportunity are main factors of the profitability and business success in this sector. Therefore, favorable synergies ensuring availability of these determinants are required for the promotion and growth of the SMEs which will in turn induce economic growth in economy. It is further argued that seeking economic growth through the growth of SMEs sector is most appropriate strategy given the labor-abundant and capital scarce nature of the economy. The proposed model is analyzed through statistical and econometric techniques. The results so obtained validates theoretical model. The innovation factor turns out to be the most important factor, hence, the study concludes that entrepreneurial success is highly influenced by innovative behavior of the entrepreneurs but being opportunistic, a suitable culture and environment and sufficient resources are also needed for the success of a commercial fast-food SMEs. Extending this result, to the whole SMEs sector, it is maintained that entire entrepreneurial sector could be activated for the benefit of the economy. The results of the thesis are in general in conformity of the other similar studies undertaken in the western countries. It is recommended to conduct similar studies on other Pakistani SMEs sectors by benchmarking this study and the findings of this study must be incorporated in the SMEs policies and guidelines.