فضاؔ کی شعری فضا میں نسائیت
یاسررضا آصفؔ
شاعری خیالات کو لفظی شکل میں پیش کرنے کا نام ہے۔ اپنی سوچ کو لفظی پیکر میں ڈھالنے کا ہنر مسلسل ریاضت اور زیرک نظری کا تقاضا کرتا ہے۔ کئی شعرا کے مطابق خیال سراسر عنایت ہے مگر خیال کو شعر میں پرونا اور یوں پرونا کہ تصویری شکل اختیار کر جائے ، سراسر ہنر ہے۔ نسائی شاعری میں ادا جعفری، پروین شاکر، کشور ناہیداور فہمیدہ ریاض کے نام نمایاں ہیں۔ پاک پتن کی نسائی تاریخ میں یاسمین برکت کی آواز کے بعد خلا ہے اور اب فضا موسیٰ اپنی آواز سے پُر کرنے آن پہنچی ہے۔
مردانہ لہجے کی شاعری دبنگ اور دو بہ دو انداز میں ہو تو لطف دیتی ہے۔ اس کے برعکس نسوانی شاعری نرم اور گداز لہجے میں زیادہ پُر اثر ہوتی ہے۔ نسوانی شاعری کے استعارے اور علامتیں ایک الگ ہی فضا تشکیل دیتے ہیں۔ فضاؔ کے ہاں بھی ایسی شعری فضا کسی ھد تک موجود ہے۔ صیغہ مونث بھی استعمال میں لایا گیا ہے اور جذبات کی شدت سے بھرپور اظہار بھی پایا جاتا ہے۔ وہ اپنے ادھورے پن کا ذکر کچھ اس طرح سے کرتی ہیں:
میں ادھوری ہوں کسی مصرع اولیٰ کی طرح
میری تکمیل ہو تم مصرعِ ثانی تم ہو
آنکھ کی زبان آنکھ والے ہی سمجھ سکتے ہیں۔ دل کے دروازے تک رسائی بھی آنکھوں کے رستے ہی ممکن ہے۔ یہ شعر مکمل نسوانیت اور اپنائیت کا عکاس ہے۔
آنکھوں سے تم پکارو، ادھر وقت سے بھی تیز
میں دوڑتی نہ آئوں مری کیا مجال ہے
اپنے چاہنے والے کے افکار میں خود کو ڈھال لینا بھی ایک آرٹ ہے اور یہ آرٹ فقط عورت کے حصے میں آیا ہے۔ قدرت نے اسے فطری طور پر ماحول کے مطابق ڈھل جانے کا ہنر عطا کیا ہے۔ اسی...
Allah Himself has taken the responsibility to protect the Holy Quran and the Hadith of the Holy Prophet. He Himself has provided the sources of their protection. One of the means of the protection that was the creation of such a group of the Qura who not only served the Holy Quran but also provided worth mentioning services in Ahadith of the Holy Prophet. But their services are hidden from us. By Qura the researcher means those Qura whose recitation styles and narrations are studied and taught in the different quarters of the world who are known as Qura Saba & Ashra (سبعہ وعشرہ). They are ten imams each with two Ravi’s. They are thirty Qura in total. I have selected only last three Imam & their two narrators in this Article. These Qurra are known as Qurra Thlathah (قراء ثلاثہ). The services of these imams have been highlighted in the light of the following eleven Ahadith books. Sihah: Sahih Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sahih Ibn-e-Habban, Sahih Ibn-e-Khuzeema. Sunan: Sunan Abu Dawud, Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Sunan al-Nasai, Sunan Ibn Majah, and Sunan al-Kubra. Masaneed: Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Musnad Abu Ya`la al-Mawsili. How many people have reported them and what is the standard of the weakness and soundness of those narrators have also been discussed in this article. Besides these books of Ahadith, these Ahadith have been searched in other books of Ahadith also. The status of these Qura has been explained in the light of the commentary of Muhadithin. Whether Ahadith critics have declared them thiqa or weak or have declared them as average sadooq. The most important thing is that there is no one weak reporter in these imam qura. Two out of three imam qura are ranked as thiqa and one sadooq. And among the narrators of these qura one is thiqa, one sadooq, and nobody are weak reporters. There is silence about the remaining four reporters of these qura. The reason is that there is no hadith reported from them. Because of all this their religious and scholarly authenticity could be determined. The narrations of these thalathah (ثلاثہ) Qura are confined to reporting the Holy Quran but they have also reported about every part of fiqh and they have been utilized and refered to
Aquaculture is the rearing of aquatic organisms (fish) from juveniles to marketable size under captivity for socioeconomic benefits and conservation of wild stocks. The present study is the first report on the culture of yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus arabicus) in the coastal waters of Pakistan. The juveniles were collected from the same area and used in experiments designed to evaluate the growth performance of this species in net-cages. The optimum protein requirement for the species was determined (Chapter-2) by offering five types of experimental diets containing 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, and 50% protein to fish groups for 56 days. The second order polynomial regression suggests that 42% protein is required for optimum growth and fish body composition. The 42% protein diet was further employed to investigate the optimum feeding level for this species (Chapter- 3). The experiment was designed where fish groups were fed at four feeding levels, such as, 3, 5, 7 and 9% body weight (bw) /day respectively for 49 days. The best growth performance was noted in fish fed at 7% bw/day. The most expensive ingredient (fishmeal), in another experiment, was replaced by plant protein (soybean meal). The experimental fish groups received diets for 56 days where 20, 40, 60 and 80% fishmeal has been replaced by soybean meal. The results reflect that 40% fishmeal may be replaced by soybean meal without impairing fish growth and body composition in comparison with the control fishmeal containing diet (Chapter-4). The feeding frequency is another important information required in aquaculture that would reduce feed losses and benefit the economics of the whole culture operation. The best growth was observed in fish group fed 4 times a day in 49 day feeding trial where other groups of fish received feed 2, 3 and 6 times/day (Chapter-5). The effect of stocking density on the growth of A. arabicus in the floating-net cages (1.5 x 1.5 x 1.5m) stocked at 30, 60, 100 and 150 fish/cage (equivalent to 20, 40, 67 and 100 fish m-3, respectively) was assessed for 60 days. Results showed that maximum growth at 20 and 40 fish m-3 with low mortality rates. From the whole study, it may be concluded that yellowfin seabream, A. arabicus, may be optimally reared in a natural environment stocked at 40 fish m-3 by providing a diet with 42% protein fed four times a day at 7% body weight. In addition, operational cost may be reduced by replacing 40% fishmeal by soybean meal compromising the optimum fish growth performance, survivals and body composition.