ادیب انگلش ٹیچرز کی غزلیات
کتب کو مرتب کرنے کا سلسلہ قدیم زمانے سے چلا آ رہا ہے ایسی کتب کے بے شمار پہلو اور فوائد ہیں۔پہلی بات کہ کسی خاص موضوع پر بہترین تخلیقات پڑھنے کو ملتی ہیں۔دوسری بات بہت سارے تخلیق کاروں کے بارے میں معلومات ایک ہی کتاب میں سے مل جاتی ہیں ،تیسری بات مرتب کنندہ کے مزاج کے بارے میں پتہ چلا جاتا ہے۔چوتھی بات وہ تخیق کار جن کی تخلیق کا دائرہ زیادہ وسیع نہیں ہوتا۔جس کے باعث وہ اپنے کاتم کو شائع کروانے سے قاصر ہوتے ہیں۔ان کی کاوشوں کو محفوظ کر لیا جاتا ہے۔ایسی ہی ایک کوشش چوہدری نذیر احمد ارمان نے بھی کی ہے۔آپ نے پنجاب بھر کے انگریزی پڑھانے والے اساتذہ کرام کی تخلیق کردہ غزلیات میں سے انتخاب کرکے ایک کتاب ادیب انگلش ٹیچرز غزلیات مرتب کی ہے۔اس کتاب میں سولہ اساتذہ کرام کی غزلیات کو شامل کیا ہے۔اس کتاب کے شعری محاسن کچھ اس طرح سے ہیں:
ارمان صاحب نے کتاب کا نام جو تجویز کیا ہے۔وہ کسی بھی لحاظ سے ادب کے ساتھ مطابقت نہیں رکھتا۔پہلی نظر میں کتاب پڑھنے والا کتاب کے نام اور سر ورق کی تصویر دیکھ کر چونک جاتا ہے۔بادی النظر میں تصویر سے ایسا محسوس ہوتا ہے کہ اس کتاب میں پڑھانے کے طریقہ کار کے بارے میں بتایا گیا ہوگا۔
کتاب کا آغاز حسب روایت حمد باری تعالیٰ سے کیا گیا ہے۔اگر دنیا کے تمام درخت قلم اور سمندروں کاپانی سیاہی بن جائے تو اس خدا کی تعریف ختم نہیں ہوگی۔
بن جائیں گر قلم دنیا کے ہر شجر سے
سیاہی بنے سمندر پھر سات اور بحر سے
لکھنے لگیں وہ ہر دم تعریف اس خدا کی
This study focused on how gender roles change from traditional to modern society with the impact of globalization by exploring the role of culture, technology, and environment. Globalization is the integration process that may affect human wellbeing, environment, economic development, and societal prosperity worldwide. A qualitative method was used to conduct in-depth interviews with 12 participants comprising of generation X (1965-1979), generation Y (1980-1994), and generation Z (1995-2004). Participants were sampled purposively. Through thematic analysis 10 major themes were discovered; (i) Perceived traditional gender roles, (ii) Transitional gender roles, (iii) Practicing traditional gender roles, (iv) Socio-cultural and family pressure, (v) Adopting new behavioral characteristics by females, (vi) Technology paved new ways and convenience, (vii) Negative aspects of Technology, (viii) Sensitized gender concept, (ix) Exposure to a hazardous environment, and (x) Social deconstruction of gender roles. The following information was found with regard to different generations and genders: (i) The element of acceptance and change is more evident in generation Z than in generation X; (ii) The male respondents are more persistent in traditional gender roles; (iii) The influence of technology on changing gender roles is more evident among the female participants; and (iv) Generation X and Y have more stereotypical views on gender roles than generation Z. The implication of this study is that gender roles are changing significantly over time in Pakistan due to globalization and technological development.
Thesis Title: Restructuring of Pre-Service Teacher Education Programs Based on Stakeholders’ Perceptions This study was aimed at restructuring of pre-service teacher education programs based on stakeholders’ perceptions. It was based on descriptive research design. Objectives of the study were to assess the existing quality of teachers education programs (B.Ed. & B.Ed. Honours), to determine the problems that seems hindrances in the way of quality assurance in teacher education, to identify indicators that must be given utmost importance to ensure quality, to assert the satisfaction of prospective teachers, teacher educators and heads of teacher education institutes and to acquire the perception of school heads about the performance of trained teachers in order to assess the operative worth of prevalent teacher education programs so that better insight can be attained in order to develop model for restructuring of pre service teacher education programs. In order to achieve these objectives nine research questions were made. Population of the study was comprised on all teacher education institutions of Punjab and ICT (Islamabad Capital Territory), including Government Colleges for Elementary Teachers (GCETs), Colleges of Education (GCEs), University Departments of Education and Federal Colleges of Teacher Education. Through stratified random sampling technique 900 prospective teachers, 300 teacher educators of teacher education institutions and 30 heads of teacher education institutions were selected. Convenient sampling technique was adopted to select 30 heads of secondary schools of district Rawalpindi. After pilot study four different questionnaires were administered to each sample group in order to secure relevant data. Findings of the study indicated that there were many domains of teacher education programs including curriculum, teaching strategies, time duration of program, institutional environment, practical work, assessment techniques, admission criteria etc. that need to be focused and improvements are inevitably required to make teacher education programs more effective. Study proposed a model for restructuring of preservice teacher education programs, hypothesized that it would contribute to raise the capacity building of program and would facilitate pre-service education of prospective teachers on more professional lines. On the basis of extracted data it is recommended that changes in existing teacher education programs in the light of proposed model would be appreciative and would help to improve pre-service teacher education programs in province Punjab, Pakistan.