پروفیسر عبدالحق کے علمی کارناموں پر نظر ڈالنے سے ان کی شخصیت اور قابلیت کے نئےزاویے ہمارے سامنے آتے ہیں۔ ان کی پانچ حیثیتیں نمایاں ہیں۔
Islām is said to be a complete code of conduct. It guides the humanity in every aspect of life. To earn the best living is the aim of every man, for which he earnestly spends his most precious time and energies. In the present era, the economic activities are in close correspondence with the banking system. But, it is a matter of fact that the conventional banking system was not founded on Islamic economic principles, nor does it follow them in the conduct of its affairs. The question arises, are Islām and its academic sources capable to guide us to substitute the conventional banking system. We find that Muḍārabah in an Islamic economic system is an instrument that emanates a number of substitutions to replace the conventional banking. This article discusses Muḍārabah, only. Muḍārabah is a mode of Islamic financing in which one party provides capital and second one employs its expertise to do a business. In the classical Muḍārabah, there were only two parties. One of them is called Rabb al-Māl (Financer) and second Muḍārib (Worker). It was the simplest form of the classical Muḍārabah, but with the passage of time, Muḍārabah evolved into many forms. Now, it has become more complex. The Islamic banks employ Muḍārabah. They are using modern forms of Muḍārabah in their products. People have several misconceptions about Muḍārabah for lack of knowledge about it and its the procedures. This article is an effort to explain the legitimacy of Muḍārabah and its method according to al-Sharī‘ah in the context of the modern Muḍārabah banking.
Introduction: Rheumatoid Arthritis, one of the commonest forms of inflammatory arthritis, has significant societal impact with regards to cost, induction of disability and loss of productivity. This impact is magnified in the presence of comorbid mood disorders, as these constitute independent factors for unexplained flares and relapses.
Purpose: The primary purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between disease activity and depression in Rheumatoid Arthritis patients.
Methods: Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis attending rheumatology clinic at Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi were recruited into the study. The patients’ disease activity and functional status were assessed using the Clinical Disease Activity Index and the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire respectively, whereas the level of depression was evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated for the disease activity and functional status versus the depression scores, and relationship between the disease activity and depression scores was analyzed using Chi square tables.
Results: A total of 60 patients were enrolled into the study, whose mean age was 48.8 ± 13.6 years. There were 52 females (86.7%). The mean duration of RA symptoms was 71.6 ± 86.6 months, with the mean duration of RA treatment being 43.4 ± 64.5 months. Among the study participants, 28.3% had mild depression whereas 35% had moderate/severe depression. There was a strong positive correlation between disease activity and depression (? < 0.001), as well as between physical disability and depression.
Conclusion: This study found depressive symptoms in 63.3% of the patients, in spite of the study population being relatively young and having short duration of disease. The significant correlation observed between disease activity and depression illustrates the high likelihood of undiagnosed comorbid depression as a co-existing factor in persistently active disease, poor response to therapy and unexplained flare-ups in the Kenyan Rheumatoid Arthritis population.