أحمد شوقي: شاعر الأمراء في القرن الرابع عشر

Although the contribution of Ahmad Shoq┘ to Arabic literature, particularly to its poetry which is praised everywhere, which made him an authority and gained him the honor, yet there is a great contradiction between his fames and opposition; the fames accept him as lord of the poets while the opposition deny this status and title him as the poet of the lords. These contradictions made an unsatisfactory condition amongst the scholars about his personality and the contributions he added. The question is that; how much reality has the opinion of the denier? This article provides the evidences taken from his poetry and proves the realities about the blames raised by the opposition, and then solves the matter. It also makes a reader convinced to accept it, but not to forget the contribution made by this great poet of a great language with a huge literature.

A Study of Learning Styles and Their Relationship With Emotional Intelligence of Students at University Level: A Case Study of Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan.

Teaching – learning is an inclusive process involving many factors like motivation, intelligence, memory, interest, creativity etc. Some of the recently focused such factors are learning styles and emotional intelligence. Learning style refers to an individual’s preferred mode of acquiring knowledge. Similarly, emotional intelligence denotes a person’s capacity to asses, use and manage personal and others’ emotions. Both of these constructs are vital to learning and achievement. Individuals are different with respect to their learning styles and levels of emotional intelligence. Preferring a specific mode of learning reveals emotions of liking for it. Apparently, these constructs seem to be related as both involve emotions and cognition. This study attempted to highlight the distribution of learning styles and emotional intelligence of the university students along with determining the existence, nature and degree of relationship between them. The theoretical framework was taken from the FelderSilverman Model of Learning Styles (1988) and Davis, Stankov and Roberts’ (1998) conception of emotional intelligence. The objectives of this enquiry were: (1) To identify different learning styles of university students on gender bases, (2) To compare learning styles across disciplines, (3) To determine the levels of emotional intelligence of university students on gender bases, (4) To compare emotional intelligence across disciplines and (5) To find the relationship between learning styles and emotional intelligence. It was a descriptive-correlational enquiry which involved collection of quantitative data through a survey. The population of the study was consist of students of all five faculties of Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan. The cluster sampling technique was used to collect data from the final year students of the 15 selected departments under five faculties. The data were assembled through two standardized tools. The Index of Learning Styles (ILS, Felder & Spurlin, n.d.) was used to ascertain learning styles while Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS, Wong & Law, 2002) was exercised to establish the levels of emotional intelligence. Prior to administering, these tools were passed through validity and reliability in the local context through pilot testing. Afterwards, these tools were dispensed to the sampled learners. The collected data were analyzed by means of percentage, mean, t-test, ANOVA, Tukey test and correlation. The findings revealed that visual, sensing and active styles of learning were highly preferred. In terms of emotional intelligence, majority of the students excelled on ‘self-emotion appraisal’ and fall behind on ‘regulation of emotion.’ In addition, female students subjugated all components of emotional intelligence. Moreover, significant differences of learning styles and emotional intelligence were indicated across gender and disciplines. The ttest findings revealed that female students were significantly superior (t (826) = - 2.135, р = .033 < .05) to male students on visual – verbal facet. Likewise, on emotional intelligence, female students were also meaningfully superior to male students on ‘self-emotion appraisal’ (t (826) = -2.475, р = 0.014 < 0.05) and ‘overall emotional intelligence’ (t (826) = -2.058, р = 0.04 < 0.05). In terms of relationship, the findings implied lower levels of correlations in general. Generally, the active – reflective and visual – verbal aspects of learning styles indicated low positive while sensing – intuitive aspect implied low negative association with the various facets of emotional intelligence. In terms of recommendations, the study suggested the improvement of curricula keeping in view the learning styles and emotional intelligence of the students. Also, the weak area of emotional intelligence, particularly ‘regulation of emotion’ has been addressed for improvement. In addition, new venues for research were also suggested. This study has wide implications for teachers, curriculum designers, students, educational psychologists and researchers.