بشیر احمد چونچال
چونچال (۱۹۱۰ئ۔۱۹۸۵ئ) کا اصل نام بشیر احمد اور چونچالؔ تخلص کرتے تھے۔ چونچال سیالکوٹ میں پیدا ہوئے۔ (۵۱۸) ان کی زندگی عسرت اور عدم آسائش کا شکار رہی لیکن وہ اپنے وقت میں مشاعروں کے مقبول ترین شعرا میں شمار ہوتے تھے۔ ان کا ایک شعری مجموعہ ’’منقار‘‘ دوست پبلی کیشنز اسلام آباد نے ۲۰۰۰ء میں شائع کیا۔ جو طنز یہ ومزاحیہ شاعری پر مشتمل ہے۔ اس کتاب میں غزلیں ،نظمیں اور قطعات شامل ہیں۔ یہ مجموعہ ایک سو پچاس صفحات پر مشتمل ہے۔ اس کتاب کے آغاز میں کامران مسعود کا مضمون’’ابتدائیہ‘‘ اصغر سودائی کا مضمون ’’چونچال ایک منفرد شاعر ‘‘،انور مسعود کا مضمون’’سیالکوٹ کا واحد ظریف شاعر‘‘ اور ضمیر جعفری کا تبصرہ ’’کلام بولتا ہے ‘‘ شامل ہیں۔
’’منقار‘‘ کے علاوہ ان کا کلیات زیر ترتیب ہے ابھی تک ان کا مجموعی کلام دسیتاب نہیں ہو سکا۔
بشیر احمد چونچال عظیم مزاح نگار شعرا میں ایک امتیازی حیثیت رکھتے تھے۔ اس امر کے کہ وہ عصر حاضر کے مزاح نگاروں میںصفِ اول کے شاعر تھے انھیں وہ مقام و مرتبہ نہ مل سکا جو ان سے کم تر درجے کے شاعروں کو مل چکا ہے یا مل رہا ہے۔
اصغر سودائی چونچالؔ کی عظمت کے حوالے سے رقم طرا ز ہیں:
اگر میں یہ کہوں کہ چونچالؔ اکبر الہ آبادی کے بعد دوسرا بڑا شاعر ہے ۔ جس نے فلاح قوم کا بیڑا اٹھایا اور ساری عمر اسی دشت کی سیاہی میں گزار دی تو ہر لحاظ سے یہ ایک ایسا دعویٰ ہو گا جس کی دلیل ان کا کلام ہے۔(۵۱۹)
سید ضمیر جعفری چونچالؔ سیالکوٹی کے دوست تھے اور متعدد مرتبہ سیالکوٹ میں چونچال سے ان کی ملاقاتیں بھی ہوئیں۔چونچال اور ضمیر جعفری اکٹھے مشاعر ے بھی پڑھتے رہے۔ ضمیر جعفری چونچال کے بارے میں چونچال کے شعری مجموعے پر اپنے...
Firstly, I would like to welcome all the readers, authors, editorial team and management of Pakistan Biomedical Journal (PBMJ) to this new journal in Biomedical Sciences. It is an intenational peer-reviewed, open-access journal that merges the basic and clinical research for the better outcome in terms of diagnosis and therapeutics. This approach will update and upgrade the existing knowledge among the researchers and clinicians, regarding the patient care and practice as well as understanding of underlying mechanisms of diseases. The ultimate beneficiary is patient and community as a whole. PBMJ is led by an outstanding Editorial Board comprising of national and international members with multidisciplinary research background. Our goal is to promote the basic and clinical research, health and disease perspectives. We receive original studies, review articles, case reports, systemetic reviews on medical, biomedical, basic and therapeutic research. We welcome scientific contributions from all over the world. It is the need and demand of the recent world scenario to focus on biomedical research. In the current world, basic and medical science cannot be considered as two separate and independent entities. There should be coherent efforts to unveil the basic understandings of pathologies at physiological, cellular and molecular level. Furthermore, the therapeutic strategies should also be explored on regional and global levels, by keeping in mind the different genetic makeups and considering the individual identities. It leads to the field of ‘personalized medicine’. There are many other recent therapeutic regimens such as regenerative medicine, exosomes, gene silencing and gene editing technologies. The world has also advanced in diagnostic modalities. Much focus has been emphasized on rapidness, accuracy and cost-effectiveness of these techniques. Imaging, scanning, histopathological, biochemical and hematological techniques have been much advanced than before. World has been changing rapidly in medical profession. Hence, it is important to be aware of these advancements worldwide and also to share the health related researches at local level. We hope this new journal will be a good addition in this perspective of sharing the recent knowledge, advancements and create awareness among masses.
The cut flower industry of Pakistan is at its initial stages of development and growers are producing cut flowers only in open field. Tuberose is heat loving plant and can successfully be grown with little care, which makes it the only choice for the cut flower growers during summer season in Punjab, Pakistan. More often local florist markets become glutted with it during peak production time, which results in heavy postharvest losses and price drop, causing economic losses to the tuberose stakeholders, viz. growers, wholesalers and retailers. At present no valid data base is available regarding the postharvest handling practices being followed by the local tuberose stakeholders. Keeping in view popularity of tuberose among local growers and high market demand in local flower markets, present study was initiated to develop a valid database for postharvest handling protocols by the tuberose stakeholders. Study was completed in two phases, in first phase a survey of tuberose stakeholders was conducted. Survey results demonstrated that all postharvest handling practices currently used by the stakeholders were not as per recommended international standards. Therefore, in the second phase, a series of postharvest experiments were performed to find out best suited postharvest handling practices for cut tuberose spikes, viz., optimal harvest stage, pulsing, packaging materials, storage method and durations, water quality and vase preservative solutions. The study concluded that the best stage for harvesting spikes was when lower buds are fully mature and have expanded but yet not opened. Among various pulsing treatments, 10% sucrose plus 50 mg L-1 salicylic acid for 24 hours proved best for extending vase life. Storage of spikes in water (wet) proved best for storage of spikes up to six days at 4±2 0C. Likewise cut spikes wrapped in polythene sleeves alone or packed in floral boxes lined with polythene stored at 4±2 0C up to 3 days had longest vase life and better quality and this storage period can be extended up to 6 days in dark without any significant loss of quality. Spikes kept in carbonated plus distilled water (1:1) performed best followed by distilled, deionizes and reverse osmosis water for various spike and floret characteristics. Vase solution containing 2% sucrose plus 50 mg L-1 salicylic acid had the longest postharvest longevity and maintained quality of cut tuberose spikes. In summary, vase life of cut tuberose spikes can be considerably extended by following proper postharvest handling protocols.