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Evaluation of miRNA-binding-site SNPs MRE11A and RAD51 involved in HRR pathway genes and risk of prostate Cancer in Pakistan

Thesis Info

Author

Sandila Arif

Supervisor

Naveeda Riaz

Department

Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology

Program

MS

Institute

International Islamic University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2017

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

vi, 63

Subject

Bioinformatics & Biotechnology

Language

English

Other

MS 616.9946 SAE

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676723669460

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بھٹو کیوں زندہ ہے

 

بھٹو کیوں زندہ ہے ؟

یہ محبت کی کہانی نہیں مرتی لیکن

لوگ کردار نبھاتے ہوئے مر جاتے ہیں

 

نبی کریم ﷺ کے تعدد ازواج کے سماجی اثرات

The seerah of the Holy Prophet (SAW) is a diversified combination of various traits. Among hundreds of the aspects of seerah if analysed various such dimensions appear before us in accordance with the educational and cultural evolution and criticality of time. One of these many is the sociological aspect of the holy seerah of the Prophet (SAW). According to the teachings of the Holy Prophet SAW Islam n Society are quite compatible to each other where marital element holds foremost importance in social circles. There is complete guidance about it in the seerah. The Prophet of Islam himself provided practical model of polygamy which was subjected to severe censure by the non-believers on account of their prejudice, ignorance and dishonesty and which the research scholars of seerah responded to n refuted on logical, convincing and solid grounds. The objective of this thesis is to highlight various positive effects of the polygamy of the Prophet SAW on society and its value in eradicating a number of social evils. Among manifold positive effects of this practice of polygamy include such benefits as the well-being and social elevation of widows, the eradication of the frequent custom of adoption, the extinction of social distinction and discrimination, the removal of tribal n social enmities, the following of the Prophet's model of women's education, the recognition of social work and social workers, and the upbringing of orphans.

Development of Therapeutic Foods With Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni: Exploring its Use to Determine Anti-Diabetic and Hypolipidemic Potential

Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is considered as natural and non-toxic sucrose alternative that has ability to manage obesity and its associated diseases. Moreover, it is safe for human health and does not produce side effects. For the purpose, stevia leaves powder was characterized and stevioside (major glycoside in stevia due to which its taste is sweet) were extracted through different solvents (methanol, ethanol and water), purified and quantified by HPLC. Stevia extracts were also analyzed for physicochemical parameters.Regarding chemical composition, stevia leaves powder is rich source of both macronutrients and micronutrients. Ethanolic extract of stevia had high amount of antioxidants and stevioside as compared to methanolic and aqueous extracts of stevia. pH of ethanolic extract was less while total soluble sugars and total sugars were more than other extracts of stevia. In the product development phase, stevia leaves powder was utilized in the preparation of muffins and pure stevioside from aqueous stevia extract was incorporated in peach ready-to-serve beverages as sugar substitute. Both stevia muffins and stevioside from aqueous stevia extract containing RTS peach beverages were analyzed for phytochemical, physical and sensory analyses. The well-designed drinks were also subjected to all these analysis during two months storage period. Stevia improved the nutritional and antioxidant profile of both products. The physical and organoleptic evaluation parameters were affected significantly in muffins and beverages except pH and acidity. The antioxidant and physicochemical properties of stevioside containing RTS peach drinks were substantially affected and organoleptic evaluation parameters remained acceptable during storage. Animal studies were performed by varying the diets to investigate the anti-diabetic and hyperlipidemic potential of stevioside. In study I diabetes was induced in rats and then stevia aqueous extract was given to them and their anti-diabetic effect was compared with normal and diabetic control. In study II hypolipidemic potential of stevia aqueous extract was determined and compared with normal and hyperlipidemic controls. Stevia aqueous extract caused in momentous drop in body weights in both diabetic and hyperlipidemic rats. In the diabetic rats stevia significantly decreased the random, fasting blood glucose levels and HbA1c and elevated the insulin and glycogen contents. The total cholesterol, total triglycerides, low density lipoproteins, very low density lipoproteins levels and LDL/HDL ratio significantly decreased and high density lipoprotein level improved in hyperlipidemic rats taken stevia aquatic extract. ALT, AST and ALP significantly decreased and total weights ratios of body organs remained unaffected in both studies. Fromtheexistingexploration,itisassumedthat stevia aquatic extract is activein contradiction ofobesity,diabetes and hyperlipidemia.