عصر حاضر اور اجماع

Ijmaa is the fourth source of Islamic law. It is the product of collective Ijthihad of Islamic jurists. This is one of the principal source of Islamic law and is based on the Qur'an and Sunna. It is in a way a kind of Ijthihad and can be termed as a collective Ijthihad. In modern day it can be exercised through parliament or a committee on Ijthihad. Its scope can be further widened for the Umma through an international council or congress of Islamic scholars.

Effect of Female Employee’S Empowerment on Labour Productivity of Apparel Garment Industry of Pakistan

The entire research has been focused on the main objective of studying the Effects of Female Employee’s Empowerment on Labour Productivity in Apparel (Garment) Industry of Pakistan. The requisite degree of Empowerment has been ascertained through selected dimensions of gender Empowerment (Economic stability, welfare, mobility and access, organizational environment, political and legal awareness, decision and policy making power, social network). This research is designed to seek answers to stated hypotheses and suggest measures for improving labour productivity of apparel (garment) sector of Pakistan through Female Employee’s Empowerment. The research is designed to be descriptive and empirical in nature. The research variables and their dimensions are defined and measured through survey. The survey was conducted on the basis of questionnaire tool, interview protocol and discussions. The researcher focuses on formal research with the purpose of testing the developed hypotheses and analyses thereupon. The research investigated the impact of Female Employee’s Empowerment on labour productivity and also the correlation of Female Employee’s Empowerment and its dimensions with labour productivity. In this research, ten hypotheses were made and their impact and goodness was tested. (H1) The Predictor (Female Employee’s Empowerment) significantly explains the variance in the Criterion Variable (Labour 2Female Employee’s Empowerment Productivity),(H2) The Labour Productivity significantly differs for different levels of Income,(H3) The Labour Productivity significantly differs for different types of Income,(H4) Middle aged Female Employee’s have more Labour Productivity as compared to Young aged and Old aged Female Employee’s, (H5) The Labour Productivity of Graduate Female Employee’s is greater than less educated Female Employee’s,(H6) Married Female Employee’s have higher labour productivity than Bachelor, Divorced and Widowed Female employee’s, (H7) Skilled Female employee’s have higher labour productivity than Semi-skilled and Non-skilled,(H8) The Mean Labour Productivity of Female Employee’s significantly differs for the three Working Shifts,(H9) There will be a relationship between the shifts of the Female Employee’s and their Income Group(H10) The shift of the Female Employee’s is dependent on the Educational level. At the end, the research has been concluded by extending recommendations, contributions to knowledge and possible future research / studies on the subject.