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British Frontier Policy in India:a case study of khanate of Kalat, 1830-1892

Thesis Info

Author

Fida Ahmed

Supervisor

Abdul Zahoor Khan

Department

Department of History and Pakistan Studies

Program

MS

Institute

International Islamic University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2017

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

viii, 140

Subject

History and Pakistan Studies

Language

English

Other

MS 954.915 FIB

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676723820666

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عشق آمادہ ہیں گل دیکھ کے صورت اس کی

عشق آمادہ ہیں گل دیکھ کے صورت اس کی
جی جلاتی ہے گھڑی بھر میں محبت اس کی

اس ستم گر کی نگاہوں کا سحر، اُف توبہ
جان دی جس نے، کہو خوب ہے قسمت اس کی

صبح کا نور ہو یا پھر ہو شفق کی سرخی
نور و نکہت سے بیاں کیسے ہو رنگت اس کی

وصل اور ہجر محبت کے پیمبر ہیں مگر
شب کی آغوش سے ملتی ہے طبیعت اس کی

اس کی آواز لپکتا ہوا شعلہ ہے فضاؔ
مجھ کو آواز بھی لگتی ہے قیامت اس کی

بین المذاہب ہم آہنگی کے لئے اقوام متحدہ کا کردار

        Independance, freedom, peace and justice can be included in basic human needs. Need of these qualities and disliking of wars existed in human being since long. To accomplishes his task, UN was established in 1945.  It is working for peace, resolution of disputes, restoration of human rights, welfare of mankind, freedom, religious and interfaifaith harmony.                This world is a temporary abode where the humans are deemed as social beings. Allah Almighty has also endowed the humans with intellect and reason which has made conflict and difference of opinion inevitable among communities. Coupled with this are factors that can prove fatal and lead the humans astray. In such a critical scenario it is high time to work for global peace and harmony and to look for ways and means that ensure mutual understanding, tolerance, respect for humanity and above all respect for all religions.        This artical descides how much successfull UN was in achieving its goals and what are the future prospects

Microbiological Quality of Goat?S Milk Obtained from Different Areas of District Muzaffargarh

Pakistan is the fourth country which provides milk at large scale where goat population is increasing day by day. Milk is the primary need of every home today. It is also a product on which bacteria attack very soon. It was hypothesized that quality of milk is not pure nowadays in Pakistan especially in milk producing areas. The aim of this study was checking the quality of goat milk from different places in district Muzaffargarh and the difference in calculation of Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus),Escherichia coli (E.coli), Bacillus cereus (B.cereus), Klebsellia pneumoniea (K.pneumoniea) and Salmonella typhi (S.typhi) between standard plate count method and direct plate count method. Milk samples were collected from district Muzaffargarh. Some strategies were followed in this research plan. The quality parameters were clot on boiling, alcohol perception test and organoleptic test. These parameters were used to decide and observe the quality of milk in very short time. The fastidious S.aureus, E.coli, B.cereus, K.pneumoniea and S.typhi were focused in this study. S.aureus, E.coli, B.cereus, K.pneumoniea and S.typhi were detected and isolated from milk samples of goat. S.aureus, E.coli, B.cereus, K.pneumoniea and S.typhi were cultured in different nutrient agar media. The standard plate count method and direct microscopic method were applied to count down the number of S.aureus, E.coli, B.cereus, K.pneumoniea and S.typhi. It was concluded that alcohol perception and clot on boiling gave 34% and 24.5% positives results. On the other hand in organoleptic test, smell, appearance, colour, consistency and temperature gave 7%, 14.5%, 23%, 38% and 20% positive results. S.aureus, E.coli, B.cereus, K.pneumoniea and S.typhi generated the bar at 8%, 14%, 17%, 21% and 5% positive results respectively. It was also concluded that standard plate counting is much precise method as compared to the direct microscopic counting method. These results were organized in SPSS software or excel sheet.