سیرت نبویﷺ کے منتخب موضوعات (نبوت، وحی اور معجزات) سے متعلق لزلے ہزلٹن کے آراء کا تحقیقی جائزہ

All mighty Allah (SWT) has created man and made him crown of the nature. For the physical needs of human being, Allah provided him all the needful things. In the same way, Allah (SWT) sent his prophets for the spiritual guidance of mankind. Prophet Muhammad (SAW) was the last messenger of this chain of the prophets. The Prophet hood of Muhammad (SAW) was for the whole of the mankind, for all the people till the day of judgment. Because Allah (SWT) called him the “Seal of the prophets”. And it the gift of Allah to whom he wants to give, he gives. Nobody can achieve this (prophet hood) by its struggle. All the prophets of Allah (SWT) were given instructions through revelation. Some people, who were unable to accept Islam, would make jokes of the teachings of the Prophet (SAW), but he continued his mission and the world witnessed a day when Islam spread all over the world. Some non-Muslims, specially the orientalists, tried to pin point some aspects of the life of the Holy Prophets (in their thinking) but as Allah (SWT) said: And we raised high your name. (Al-Quran: 94: 4) Lesley Hazelton is one of those orientalists. She wrote many books about Islam. Her famous book is “The First Muslim-The Story of Muhammad” in which she has targeted many aspects of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW). This article discusses her views about the Prophet hood, Revelation and the Miracles of the Holy Prophet (SAW). It is out of the human mind to understand the reality of the Prophet hood and revelation. It is the gift of Allah to whom he wants, He gives prophet hood. The family, fame, wealth and physical strength cannot be the reasons for the achievement of Prophet hood. The human mind cannot grab the reality of the revelation. 

The Nature of Teacher Leadership

The purpose of this study was to explore the nature of teacher leadership in Al-Ikram1 school in Karachi. This study was guided by qualitative research design. Data were collected in a private school in which teacher leadership existed. Face-to-face interviews were conducted, audio-taped, and transcribed. Observation and field notes were recorded and maintained in research notebook. Findings from this study showed that formal and informal teacher leadership existed at Al-Ikram school. Teachers defined the nature of teacher leadership in terms of skillfulness, expertise, confidence, and the ability to influence others. Teachers were empowered to direct their own learning, as they took initiative to form relationships with teacher leaders based on shared experiences, expertise, and availability. These relationships provided support for meaningful interactions to take place. Teacher-teacher leader interactions occured at the classroom level and school level. Classroom-based interactions include shared experiences, availability, curriculum support, instructional support, and collaboration. School-based interactions include shared decision-making. Based on the findings, several ideas are discussed. First, when teachers are encouraged to direct their own learning; they seek out teacher leader peers to improve their instruction. Second, when teachers interact with teacher leaders, they focus on instructional and student improvement. Third, when teachers and teacher leaders collaborate with each other, they experience a sense of collegiality. Fourth, when teachers receive support from their colleagues to take the lead; they feel trusted and valued. Implications for future research and for the principal and the teachers are discussed. Principals should consider creating an environment that cultivates and supports teacher leadership. Teachers can take responsibility for developing themselves as leaders.