مولانا حافظ محمد تقی امینی
ڈاک کا نظام اس قدر اتبر ہے کہ مہینوں سے دارالمصنفین میں اردو کا کوئی اخبار نہیں آرہا ہے، اس لیے ضروری اور اہم خبروں کا بھی علم نہیں ہوتا، پروفیسر مختارالدین احمد صاحب کو اﷲ تعالیٰ جزائے خیر دے جن کے گرامی نامہ سے دارالمصنفین کے ایک مخلص کرم فرما مولانا حافظ محمد تقی امینی کی حسرتناک وفات کی اطلاع تاخیر سے ملی۔
مولانائے مرحوم مسلمانوں کے قدیم و جدید دونوں طبقوں میں مقبول اور ہر دلعزیز تھے، علی گڑھ مسلم یونیورسٹی میں انھوں نے بڑی نیک نامی اور عزت حاصل کی، وہ ایک عالم دین اور اسلامیات کے فاضل و محقق اور مصنف کی حیثیت سے پورے ملک میں مشہور تھے، دینی علوم میں بلند پائیگی کے ساتھ ساتھ وہ اخلاص، عمل، ﷲیت، بے نفسی اور زہد و اتقا میں بھی ممتاز تھے، ان کی وفات سے علمی و دینی حلقوں میں جو خلا پیدا ہوا ہے اس کا پر ہونا مشکل ہے۔
۱۹۵۰ء میں میں عربی کا متبدی تھا اور اسی زمانے سے معارف کی ورق گردانی کرتا تھا، اس کے جن مضمون نگاروں کے نام لوح دل پر ثبت ہوگئے تھے ان میں مولانا کا نام بھی تھا کیونکہ تھوڑے تھوڑے وقفوں کے بعد برابر ان کے مضامین معارف میں شائع ہوتے رہتے تھے، سنہ تو یاد نہیں لیکن ان سے پہلی ملاقات دارالمصنفین میں اس وقت ہوئی جب وہ علی گڑھ مسلم یونیورسٹی کے شعبۂ دینیات کے ناظم ہوچکے تھے اور گرمیوں میں مطالعہ و کتب بینی کے لیے اعظم گڑھ تشریف لائے تھے۔
وہ مولانا شاہ معین الدین احمد ندوی مرحوم سابق ناظم دارالمصنفین کے مہمان تھے جن کے ساتھ ہی میرا کھانا پینا بھی ہوتا تھا، شاہ صاحب نے مولانا کا پلنگ میرے کمرے میں لگوا دیا تھا اس طرح تقریباً ایک ماہ تک...
Peaceful coexistence is a major challenge in a multi-ethnic region like the Midwest. After the creation of the region in 1963, ethnic distrust dominated the region's body politics. The Biafran invasion of Midwest remained one invent that heightened ethnic distrust in the region. Although, scholars have examined the invasion, the need to re-examine it arises from the fact that the event made ethnic antagonism among the groups in the region more intense than ever before. It is against this backdrop that this paper examines the Biafran invasion of Midwest and its implications on inter-group relations in the region. Relying on primary and secondary sources, the paper is of the opinion that the intense group antagonism and suspicion emanated from the fact that the Biafran incursion into Midwest caused division among the groups in the region. The groups that were loyal to the Nigerian Government opposed the groups that supported Biafra. The paper further argues that the ethnic tension was also as a result of the assumption by the non-Igbo groups in the region that Biafrans were in the region to promote the interest of the Igbo groups.
This dissertation focuses on exploring the determinants of the housing demand in the urban areas of Pakistan. It also delves into the impact of different income groups on the housing demand. The hedonic price model was used for the estimation of analysis. The data pertaining to 14 Pakistani urban areas was borrowed from Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement (PSLM) survey 2004-05 and 2010-11, respectively. Overall, two models were used in the analysis. The first one was to estimate the Hedonic rent model that helped in finding out that in high-income group households the rent was greater than the middle-income group households, which was increased in 2004-05 and decreased in 2010-11. The study was applied on lower income groups as well. Affordability has same effect on low and middle-income groups, but for high-income group it turned out to be positive yet the value of coefficient remained on the lower side. This comparison helps in designing appropriate policies in accordance with the current state of housing market. It was found that different factors contributed differently wards housing demand whereas the economic cycles were contrast during both periods of the study. Furthermore, this study provides a policy framework for addressing the factors related to housing demand. In order to control the selectivity bias between the tenure choice and the quantity of housing services demanded, Heckman‟s two-step selection procedure was used. The Probit model was opted for calculating the margins for the probability of a house‟s ownership. Permanent and Transitory incomes were estimated based on the permanent income hypothesis. Another aspect, uncommonly found in studies from developing countries including Pakistan, was separately determining the effects of permanent and more importantly transitory income on housing demand. The aggregate analysis underlined that income, house price, affordability; demographic factors such as age of the head of household, education, household size, number of earners and marital status are the key factors in determining the housing demand in Pakistan.