مولانا حافظ احمد ؍ مفتی عزیز الرحمن صاحب
یہ مہینہ بھی آہ ماتم کی صدا سے خالی نہیں، شکر کا مقام تھا کہ اب تک دیوبند میں اکابر کی صحبت یافتہ اور اکابر کی زندہ یادگاریں موجود تھیں، مگر افسوس کہ یہ بھی یکے بعد دیگرے ہم سے رخصت ہورہی ہیں، مولانا حافظ احمد صاحب مہتمم مدرسہ عالیہ دیوبند خلف الصدق حضرت مولانا محمد قاسم صاحب رحمۃ اﷲ علیہ گزشتہ مہینہ حیدرآباد میں سپردخاک ہوئے اور اب اس مہینہ ۱۸؍ جمادی الثانی ۱۳۴۷ھ کو دائرہ قاسمیہ کے مفتی اعظم حضرت مولانا عزیز الرحمن نے ۷۲ برس کی عمر میں دیوبند میں بمرض فالج انتقال کیا۔ اِنَّا لِلّٰہِ وَ اِنَّا اِلَیْہِ رَاجِعُوْنَ۔
مرحوم نے مولانا مملوک العلی صاحب اور مولانا فضل رحمان صاحب گنج مراد آبادی، اور مولانا رشید احمد صاحب گنگوہی سے ظاہر و باطن کا فیض اٹھایا تھا، کم سخن، متین، حلیم اور سادہ مزاج تھے، تقویٰ اور دینداری، ان کے چہرہ کمال کا خط و خال تھی، حدیث کی درس و تدریس کے ساتھ کتب فقہ کی جزئیات پر ان کی وسعت نظر بدرجہ اتم تھی، فتاویٰ کے جوابات مختصر لیکن قل و دل دیتے تھے اور بیالیس برس تک اس خدمت کو انجام دیا۔ ایسے متقی اور محتاط فقیہ اور محدث آئندہ کہاں پیدا ہوں گے۔
زمانہ کا رنگ پلٹ رہا ہے، انقلاب کی لہریں دیواروں تک پہنچ گئی ہیں، جن کے رہنے والے زمانہ کے اس سیلاب سے اپنے گوشۂ عافیت کو محفوظ سمجھتے تھے، علماء کے خیالات بھی بدل رہے ہیں، اختلاط، میل جول اور مبادلہ آرا سے ان کے نقطۂ نظر میں بھی فرق آرہا ہے، یہ زمانہ علمائے اسلام کے لئے حد درجہ نازک ہے، ایک طرف تو تقویٰ، دینداری، اسلام کی اصلی روح کی حفاظت اور دوسری طرف...
Keputusan pembelian adalah keputusan final konsumen untuk membeli atau tidaknya suatu barang dan jasa dengan membandingkan banyak pertimbangan. Ketika melakukan keputusan pembelian, seringkali terdapat beberapa pilihan antara dua atau lebih alternatif. Ada pun tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini untuk menganalisa Pengaruh Word Of Mouth, Labelisasi Halal, Dan Celebrity Endorser Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Mie Lemonilo Pada Masyarakat Muslim di Kota Bagansiapiapi . Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 100 orang Masyarakat Muslim dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Berdasarkan hasil peneltian ini menunjukkan bahwa Word Of Mouth, Labelisasi Halal, Celebrity Endorser berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Hasil Koefisien Determinasi (R2) menunjukkan bahwa besarnya pengaruh dari ketiga variabel bebas secara bersama-sama terhadap variabel terikatnya sebesar 52,7% dan sisanya sebesar 47,3% merupakan variabel lain yang tidak diteliti kedalam penelitian ini.
Cystic Echinococcosis is a serious zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus species complex. The current study is the first attempt to determine the level of infection in domestic livestock and to explore the CE-related knowledge and awareness among livestock farmers in different districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, province of Pakistan. A total of 1297 animals were examined for hydatid cysts including 538 cows, 428 buffaloes, 208 sheep, and 123 goats, at different slaughter houses in different districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in 2 years from September 2015 to September 2017. For epidemiological investigations, prevalence in association with various factors (climate, age, and gender), organ specificity, types of cysts (fertile, sterile, or calcified), and viability of cysts parameters was recorded. Basing on the results obtained, areas with high prevalence were selected for further follow-ups and administration of questionnaires to the farmers and dog owners, to provide baseline data about this parasitic disease and to identify potential areas of emergence with correspondence animal and of public health significance. The finding of this study revealed the presence of CE in livestock of KP, Pakistan. The prevalence of hydatid cysts was the highest in buffaloes (15.88%) followed by cows (15.79%), sheep (15.38%), and goats (3.25%). Our investigation revealed close relationship between prevalence and animal age and gender in different months of the year. These findings also showed the highest prevalence of hydatid cysts in liver (63.49%), followed by lungs (23.80%) and mesentery (2.64%). Fertile and viable cysts were observed in all animal species except goats. The highest percentage of fertile and viable cysts was reported from the liver and lungs of sheep. For evaluation of risk factors, a total of 384 respondents were investigated. The results of current study revealed that 97.9% of farmers are not familiar with CE and transmission of this infection from dogs to human and livestock. The present study shows that CE will continue to be of medical and veterinary importance in Pakistan. Many molecular techniques like DNA sequence and PCR based methods are been used largely to distinguish genotypes (G1-G10) of E. granulosus, providing new approach in the prevention and control program of hydatid cysts. The genotypic diversity of Echinococcus species in livestock of province Khyber Pukhtunkhwa, Pakistan is poorly explored. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the genotypes of E. granulosus in domestic animals by using the mitochondrial cox1 gene sequence. For this purpose a total of 30 hydatid cysts samples were collected from different organs of naturally infected domesticated animals (Cows, buffaloes, sheep and goats). DNA was extracted from the protoscolices of individual fertile cysts and used for polymerase chain reaction. PCR amplified products (17) were subjected to Sanger sequencing by Genetic Analyzer 3700 ABI. The collected data was analyzed for homology using NCBI Genotyping Tool Program and Bio Edit. Codon Code Aligner Software was used to edit/clean the sequence. Phylogenetic analysis were further performed with the Molecular Evolution Genetic Analysis (MEGA) software package (version 7.0.1.4), for the confirmation of subtype determinations. The sequencing of the amplified product revealed the presence of Echinococcus granulosus senso stricto (G1-3) genotype as a dominant genotypes in all collected samples. Further studies covering a large number of isolates might be necessary to investigate if there are other genotypes in the hydatid cyst population in this region of Pakistan. There are several protoscolicidal agents for the inactivation of hydatid cysts protoscolices during surgery but many of them are associated with adverse side effects. This study was aimed to evaluate the antiprotoscolices effect of ethanol extracts of selected medicinal plants commonly found in the study area including Buxus Wallichiana, Morus nigra, Berberis vulgaris, Callistemon citrinus, Euphorbia hirta, Carthamus lanatus and Euphorbia heliscopia against Echinococcus granulosus in in-vitro and in-vivo model. Protoscolices were aseptically aspirated from naturally infected livestock and viability of protoscolices was confirmed by 0.1% eosin red stain method. Protoscolices were exposed to three different concentrations of alcoholic extracts (10 to 50mg/ml) for 10 to 60 min. Phytochemical analysis was performed to identify bioactive compounds in the alcoholic extracts of all the selected medicinal plants. The highest efficacy was shown by B. vulgaris (100.00%) followed by B. wallichiana (86.97%) and E. heliscopia (78.19%) respectively, after exposure of 60 minutes at 50mg/ml concentration, that lead to the significant reduction in the viability of protoscolices. In addition alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins and saponnins were identified qualitatively and weighted quantitatively, that might help in the identification of bioactive compounds involved in selective action on the tegument layer of protoscolices. The in-vivo study showed decrease in cysts number, decrease in diameter treated with B.vulgaris-Oral, B.vulgaris-Intraperitoneal, B.Wallichiana-Oral, B.Wallichiana-Intraperitoneal, and increase in reduction percentage of secondary hydatid cysts in the groups under investigation. Difference in the biochemical profile of hydatid cyst fluid was observed after in-vitro assay. These findings suggest that these three plants can be a promising source of potent antiprotoscolices effect. However, the mechanism by which plant extracts killed protoscolices and also their safety for living cells are unclear and needed to be more investigated.