نواب شوکت خاں
دوسرا حادثہ باغپت کے نوجوان رئیس نواب شوکت خاں کی وفات ہے ان کو اﷲ تعالیٰ نے امتیازی و جاہت کے ساتھ دینداری کی دولت سے بھی نوازا تھا، چنانچہ حاجی اور حافظ بھی تھے جس کی مثال جدید تعلیم یافتہ نوجوان رئیسوں میں مشکل سے ملے گی، اسمبلی کے ممبر بھی رہ چکے تھے، سٹی سنٹرل وقف بورڈ کے صدر تھے، اس تعلق سے کئی سال ان سے سابقہ رہا، طبعاً نہایت شریف اور مہذب و متین تھے، عمر چالیس بیالیس سال سے زیادہ نہ تھی، اﷲ تعالیٰ اس نوجوان اور دیندار رئیس کی مغفرت فرمائے۔
(شاہ معین الدین ندوی، فروری ۱۹۶۹ء)
For the development of Muslim society it is necessary that its people should be trained on the basis of Islamic teachings. This could not be possible until we design a curriculum of seerah which is according to the contemporary needs of character building. The purpose of designing such curriculum is to train our youth in such a way that they would be able not only to take advantage from our rich tradition but also they are well prepared to hold the leadership of the country. We have to keep in mind, while designing seerah curriculum, that it is not revealed. Infact we have to design it according to the needs of hour. If we keep in consideration the ideological and contemporary requisites than we would be able to get the desired results. Islam provides basic principals in this regard. Following these instructions we would be able to design a curriculum which produced the required results.
The aim of this research work was to investigate and increase the understanding of three dimensional flow behavior under changing conditions of flow and sediments. The goal was achieved by using a 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics model FLUENT. The geometry selected for this study is that of a meandering compound channel. The parameters which were changed in this research work include the width of floodplain along with main channel width, overbank flow depth, incoming discharge, bed slope of the main channel and floodplains and roughness of the channel and floodplains. The research work was conducted by using different turbulence models. Among them are standard k - e , Re-normalization Group (RNG) theory based k - e and k - w turbulence models. These three models were applied for one case. Once the capability of k - e model was established after comparison with results of other models, then only k - e was used in the remaining part of the work. The data obtained from a physical model study in the laboratory was used for the validation of simulated results. The validation was done through a comparison of observed and calculated values of depth averaged velocities, total discharge at a section & point velocities. After validation, the CFD model was used to predict and investigate those aspects of flow which were difficult to get through experiments and for which experimentation was not conducted in the laboratory. These aspects include turbulence intensity, turbulent kinetic energy, pressure distribution on different cross sections of the channel and surface velocity magnitudes. As far as the sediments study is concerned, the Lagrangian particle tracking technique was used to predict the changes in bed levels at apex of the meander wavelength. Sediment particles with different diameters were used for this purpose. A total of eight flow cases were considered for the study of flow field. Each case varies from the other on the basis of (i) geometry or (ii) bed slope or (iii) depth of overbank flow or a combination of these. This work also proved the capability of standard k - e turbulence closure models in prediction of 3D overbank flows. Keywords: Sediment transport, CFD modeling, Flood flows, Numerical techniques, Turbulent kinetic energy.