E-Commerce and its Effects in Supply Chain Management

E-Commerce in today’s world is playing an important role in global business. A quantitative and quantitative research was conducted with professional members, employees working in organization which are dealing with E-Business or online working via internet and their views gave an empirical and dynamic approach to make business efficient and effective. Connectivity with market to find best manufacture for goods and for manufacture to finds its buyer for their finished goods. Flow of information become faster and gathering of data become easier to make activities of business to get optimal results. Numbers of goods are available complications to finds goods are removed by complimentary goods. Supplies of goods at proper time in order to meet demand by consumer plays win to win game. Improved methods of technology like RFID make work easier and accessible information about goods to management. Manpower in forms of labor is reducing which leads to decrease in the cost of goods. Ordering cost saves time and gives a specified time both producers to make commodity and consumer for delivery of goods. E-Commerce with contrast of components of supply chain in the form of ware house, logistics, number of listing suppliers, number of listing items on one web in the form of website on one platform give dynamic image to businesses in the race of competitive world. Business transactions done with internet not only reduce time but also make documents or records for longer time able to send data from distant parts of the world. Through websites we can get completive price information and other relevant information for goods.

Enhancing Students Understanding of Chemical Bonding Through Inquiry - Based Teaching

This action research reports on the process and findings of a study undertaken in a private school that aimed at enhancing students’ understanding of chemical bonding using inquiry-based teaching (IBT). The concept of ‘chemical bonding’ is fundamental in teaching chemistry; and therefore, a thorough understanding of it is essential to understand other topics in chemistry. Research studies have shown that due to the traditional pedagogical approaches for teaching chemical bonding, high school students around the world lack fundamental understanding of chemical bonding (Nahum, Mamlok-Naaman, Hofstein, & Krajcik, 2007). This is true of Pakistani science teachers also who mostly apply the traditional way of teaching in the classrooms. As a result of traditional way of teaching, conceptual understanding of students does not occur. Therefore, employing action research methodology based on the Kemmis, MC Taggart and Retallick (2004) model, this study was conducted to explore how IBT enhances students’ conceptual understanding of chemical bonding of lower secondary students in a private school in Karachi (Pakistan). Altogether six lessons were taught in three cycles in the participant class. Data were collected through observations, personnel reflections, pre- and post-tests, interview and informal discussions. Data were analysed qualitatively and findings revealed that IBT enhanced students’ conceptual understanding of covalent bonding significantly and improvement in students’ achievements was seen in the post-test. This study also highlighted the promoting and hindering factors in the implementation of IBT in a lower secondary class in a private school. The study has implications for science teachers as well as teacher educators in their teaching of science generally and chemistry particularly. The study also presents recommendations for future studies.