سیرت طیبہ کے تناظر میں پختون خواتین کی موجودہ معاشرت کا تحقیقی جائزہ

Women play a role of paramount importance in the establishment of a distinctive nature of society. Women in Pakhtūn society are regarded with respect and piety. Pakistanis in general and Pakhtūn nation in particular can tolerate monetary losses, owing to their women but they cannot tolerate immoral and disgraceful events attached with their women (mothers, sisters, wives, and daughters) which most often become a reason for the domestic enmities and hostilities. In this article, efforts were made to answer the questions; that whether the different aspects of female lives have been treated according to the teachings of Sīrah or religion is used only as a weapon to suppress them and snatch their rights. The purpose of the study was to investigate the social issues of women from birth related ceremonies, assigning names, training and education, marriage, life after marriage and heredity related issues to their domestic routine issues and how to solve these issues in the light of teachings of the Prophet (P.B.U.H)? Furthermore, suggestions were given to make these solutions more effective and easy to be implemented in our society.

Post Earthquakechanges in the Physical and Academic Environment of Primary Schools of Aj&K

All disasters are undesirable but they gave us a chance to learn some meaningful lessons from them and to improve or at least to correct our pathway. Disaster such as an earthquake always tends to untangle the social structure of the society and expose their strengths and weaknesses. A descriptive research study was conducted to understand the post earthquake changes in the physical and academic environment of primary schools in AJ&K. The study was carried out in Muzaffarabad, the capital city of AJ&K (an affiliated state of Pakistan). Muzaffarabad was one of the worst earthquake affected district of AJ&K and being the capital city with crowded population and low spaced building infrastructure, it was devastated almost above than 90%. The study was aimed to assess the post earthquake changes in physical environment by mean of quality of reconstructed school building, and in academic environment by mean of teachers training, evacuation plans and emergency drills, incorporation of disaster related information in syllabus of primary classes and finally the awareness level of primary teachers as well as of students. The study employed a descriptive research methodology using quantitative approach. The sample was consisting of 36 schools with heads, teachers and students. Three questionnaires and one observation schedule were developed to get quantitative data. After statistical analysis, the results of the study showed that the training of teachers was not conducted; no serious attempt was made by head teachers to implement any curricular changes based upon disasters management especially about earthquake preparedness. There is no or very little incorporation of disaster related information and earthquake preventive measures in syllabus / course of primary classes. However, the awareness level of teachers and students was not as worse. They were found aware of basic preventive measures like not to run or evacuate in a hurry during the shaking continues. A training of teachers should be done and to develop a policy regarding the incorporation of disaster management especially the earthquake preventive measures in the course, textbooks or syllabus of primary classes.