مولانا محمدعبدالرشید نعمانی کاانتقال
ادارہ ندوۃ المصنفین دہلی سے جن کا علمی واسطہ ورابطہ تھا وہ رفتہ رفتہ اب اس دنیا سے اٹھتے جارہے ہیں جس کی وجہ سے علمی میدان میں ایک خلا سامحسوس ہورہاہے۔ایک کے بعد ایک علمی ہستی اس دنیا سے اٹھتی جارہی ہے اورہم کورنج و غم کے صدمہ میں مبتلا کرتی جارہی ہے۔ایسی ہی ایک عظیم شخصیت حضرت مولانا محمد عبدالرشید نعمانی کی ہے جو ماہ اگست۱۹۹۹ء کے آخر عشرہ میں کراچی پاکستان میں موت کی آغوش میں ہمیشہ ہمیشہ کے لیے سوگئی۔
اناﷲ واناالیہ راجعون
مرحوم مولانا عبدالرشید نعمانی کابانی ندوۃ المصنفین دہلی حضرت مفکر ملت مفتی عتیق الرحمن عثمانی ؒ سے خصوصی تعلق تھا،حضرت قبلہ مفتی صاحب نے ان کی علمی صلاحیتوں کوپہچان کران سے کتاب ’لغات القرآن‘ لکھوائی جومفید قرآنی خدمت ہے یہ حروف معجم پرمرتب کی گئی ہے اورچھ جلدوں میں مکمل ہوئی ہے۔ شروع کی چارجلدیں جوالف سے شروع ہوکر ع پر ختم ہوئی ہے مولانا نعمانی کی محنت وریاضت کاثمرہ ہیں۔ اس کی پہلی جلد کے شروع میں مولانانعمانی مرحوم کا بیش قیمت معلوماتی مقدمہ ہے جس میں کتاب کی نوعیت اوراس کی ترتیب میں ملحوظ رکھے جانے والے امور کے علاوہ اپنی محنت وجاں فشانی وغیرہ کابھی ذکر کیاہے۔ اس کوبڑے اہتمام سے حضرت مفتی صاحب ؒ کی نگرانی میں ادارہ ندوۃ المصنفین دہلی طرف سے شائع کیا گیا۔باقی دوجلدیں مرحوم کی عدم فرصت کی وجہ سے حضرت مولانا سید عبدالدائم جلالی ؒ نے مرتب فرمائیں۔جب بھی مرحوم دہلی میں قیام فرماتے رسالہ’’برہان‘‘کے لیے علمی مضامین لکھتے جو برہان میں شائع ہو کر علمی دنیا میں قبولیت کی سند حاصل کرتے۔
مرحوم میں بے پناہ خوبیاں تھیں، پاکستان جاکر بھی ہندوستان کی یاد انہیں ستاتی رہتی ان کے انتقال سے ادارہ ’’برہان‘‘کوزبردست صدمہ ہواہے۔اﷲ تعالیٰ مولانا محمد عبدالرشید نعمانی کی بال بال مغفرت فرمائے...
The main purpose of the study was to explore educators' views on children's the early years' curriculum and pedagogy implemented in Pakistan. This research study is grounded in qualitative design i.e. Case study. The case included examining educators, the early years' and school managers' critical reflections on children's learning and development during the early years' education. This research study is first of its kind in the context of Pakistan as the early years teachers' views about their teaching practices have rarely incorporated in recent studies. The main finding of this study was that curriculum and pedagogies used in early years' program has never been concentrated earlier as potential research themes. Though many research studies have been conducted on the implementation of ECE programs, but not any specific study concentrated on matching curriculum goals with its implementation to facilitate children's holistic development. It was learnt that national curriculum framework 2007 is not followed in most ECE classes. The main reason was found that many practitioners i.e. Educators and managers have not seen or read it. Consequently, national philosophy is compromised while nurturing children holistically It is therefore recommended for teachers and educators to study the national and now provincial curriculum framework because it has set a benchmark as what to achieve and suggested how to achieve the goals.
Low concentration of boron (B) is essential to plant growth and may limit the growth in excess quantity especially under saline conditions. Limited information was available regarding B toxicity on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under saline conditions. The present studies were conducted to investigate the interactive effect of salinity and B toxicity. Hydroponics and pot studies were conducted at various B levels under normal and saline conditions. First, 10 sunflower genotypes were screened out against salinity in water culture (control, 60,120 and 180 mM NaCl). SF-187 and S-278 were ranked as tolerant to salinity whereas, Hysun-33 and Hysun-38 were categorized as sensitive genotypes against salinity. These genotypes were grown in hydroponics under saline and non-saline conditions and at control, 0.5 and 1.0 mM boron. Physical and chemical characteristics determined showed reduction in shoot fresh and dry weight was more in salt-sensitive genotypes (Hysun-33 and Hysun-38) than in salt tolerant genotypes (SF- 187 and S-278). Salt-tolerant genotypes accumulate less boron and Na + , while more K + in shoot than salt-sensitive genotypes. Root B and K + accumulation were decreased in saline conditions than non-saline conditions while Na + concentration in root increased in saline conditions. Result regarding relative water content (RWC) and membrane stability index (MSI) showed a reduction pattern with the increasing level of boron toxicity both under non-saline and saline conditions. Salt-tolerant genotypes showed more RWC and MSI than salt sensitive genotypes under saline conditions along with boron toxicity. Photosynthetic rate (PR) stomatal conductance (SC) and transpiration rate (TR) were also decreased with salinity and toxic levels of boron, and salt tolerant genotypes showed better response regarding PR, SC and TR than salt sensitive genotypes. Achene yield per plant decreased under saline conditions along with toxic level of boron and salt tolerant genotypes showed less % reduction than salt sensitive genotypes. Boron and potassium concentrations decreased under saline conditions, while Na + concentration increased under saline conditions (alone) and saline condition and B at 5 ppm concentration. Salt- tolerant genotypes had accumulated less Na + and B concentration and more K + concentration in shoot. Genotypes (SF-187 and S-278) were promising genotypes under saline conditions along with boron toxicity and can be directly used by farmers or may be used for the development of more salinity tolerant sunflower genotypes by the breeders.