طاقت کا زور ،حاکم اور محکوم میں فاصلہ
ہمارا ہمیشہ سے یہ المیہ رہا ہے کہ ہم اس حقیقت کو بھول جاتے ہیں کہ دنیا فانی ہے۔ ہر شے زوال پذیر ہو جائے گی۔ پھر بھی قوت و اقتدار کے ملتے ہی ہم خود کو طاقتور گردانتے ہوئے اپنی زندگی کو حقیقت سے دور لے جاتے ہیں۔ ماضی کے دریچوں سے اگر جھانکیں تو بے شمار ایسے واقعات ملیں گے مگر عصر حاضر میں بھی اس میں شدت بڑھتی ہی گئی۔ خاص طور پر مشرقی ممالک میں حاکم اور محکوم کے درمیان بڑھتے ہوئے فاصلے ہیں کہ جس کے نتیجے میں عام عوام کے خواب کانچ کی مانند ریزہ ریزہ ہو جاتے ہیں۔ ایسے چکنا چور کے جن کے شیشے آنکھوں اور ہاتھوں کو مزید چھلنی کر جاتے ہیں۔ دل میں نئی نئی امنگیںامیدیں سر اٹھاتی ہیں اوربالآخر گمنامی میں گم ہوجاتی ہیں۔ دل میں ہمیشہ یہ احساس ہوتا ہے ، کاش یہ اقتدار رکھنے والی قوتیں اس احساس کو ہمیشہ دامن گیر رکھتیں کہ اقتدار صرف اور صرف ایک ڈھلتے سائے کا نام ہے۔اقتدار نہ رہے گا تو خود کی زندگی بھی پھر دل میں آخری خواہش کی طرح سسکی کے ساتھ دم توڑ دے گی۔کاش وہ دن جان پاتے کہ اقتدار ایک آفتاب لب کوہ کا نام ہے۔ یہ حاکم و محکوم کے درمیان فاصلے آشوب قیامت برپا کیے ہوئے ہیں۔اقتدار رکھنے والی مقتدر قوتوں کو یہ علم ہونا چاہیے کہ عوام کی فلاح و اصلاح ہی ان کے اقتدار کا واحد جواز ہے۔انہوں نے بھی کہانی میں کچھ اس طرح ہی حاکم و محکوم کے فاصلے کا ذکر کیا ہے کہ کس طرح انگریزوں کی حکومت رہی ، ہندو اور مسلمان جو کہ آپس کے جھگڑوں میں بھی انگریز حکومت کے پابند تھے اور انگریز حکومت فیصلہ صادر کرنے...
The present study aims at exploring positive psychological capital in the verses of Qur’an. Positive psychology is the latest advancement in the field of psychology which focuses on improving the well-being of society. Positive psychological capital refers to the combination of overall qualities of positive psychology that contributes to the well-being and mental health. The present study is based on the content analysis of the verses of Qur’an. Content analysis comprises of three steps including identifying the categories or themes, dividing the information into units or parts and finally rating all the themes in all units. In the first step the researchers identified 41 themes from Qur’an by using committee approach and reading the verses between the lines. All these categories were identified by keeping in view the underlying themes of positive psychology. In the second step 30 units were devised from Qur’an by considering each Part as a single unit. The categories included behavior modification, belief in divine help, brotherhood, bravery, contentment, civility, credibility, encouragement of virtue, emotional regulation, excellence, forgiveness, generosity, gratitude, honesty, hopefulness, humility, justice, knowledge, lawful spending, learning, meaningfulness, mindfulness, moderation, obedience, patience, peace, determination, positivity, prosperity, repentance, resilience, reward, self-actualization, self-awareness, self-control, sincerity, social leadership, truthfulness, trust, and wisdom. Results suggest that the most prominent category in Qur’an is the reward. Validity of the study was maintained through the selection of the themes with the help of committee approach. Reliability of the scoring system was maintained through partial inter-rater reliability. Overall the present research has many implications in the positive psychology of religion.
Beta vulgaris, commonly known as beetroot, has been used as a dietary ingredient since traditional times. It is consumed not only in cooked form, but in raw form too. Now adays, it is also being used as juice. Literature review has shown that Beta vulgaris (beetroot) possesses a lot of therapeutic potential and might be used as an anti-microbial, anti-carcinogenic, anti-oxidant, to treat hypertension and to boost immunity. This study was designed to evaluate the pharmacological actions of different doses of lyophilized beetroot. Studies were established to generate awareness and improve our knowledge regarding the benefits of different doses of beetroot on anxiety, depression, memory and CNS disorders. Effect was further verified by determination of brain biogenic amines using HPLC. Different doses of beetroot were also evaluated for effect on pain and inflammation. Their effect on hematological parameters, liver, kidney, thyroid, lipid, electrolyte and reproductive hormones profile were also observed. We also checked the diuretic effect of both doses on rats, as well as set up the fertility model in mice. Phytochemical analysis was carried out too. Results showed positive anxiolytic and anti-depressant potential at both doses. Memory was dosedependently enhanced and both doses showed improved effects in seizure model, catatonia model and Alzheimer model. Histopathology showed there was absence of pathological findings when the rodent brain was observed. Increase in RBC’s and Hb was observed for both doses where as WBC’s were in normal range. Coagulation parameters showed positive effect for both doses too. Liver profile, kidney profile and thyroid profile showed reduction in level of enzymes and hormones when compared with control. Lipid profile also showed decrease in levels when compared with control. Hyperlipidemia model also showed positive effects for both doses. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects were observed for both doses of beetroot. Electrolyte profile was in normal range for both doses. Diuretic profile was observed for both doses. The number of pups were increased dose-dependently when Beta vulgaris was given in fertility model. The pups born had no birth defects, behavioral abnormalities or growth deficiencies. Positive effects on reproductive hormones were observed for both doses. Phytochemistry revealed the presence of carbohydrates, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, cardiac glycosides, phenols, terpenoids and anthraquinones. Both doses of Beta vulgaris (500mg/kg and 1000mg/kg) showed positive results with mild variations. Further studies can be carried out to establish the exact molecular mechanism of action and to study the effect of lyophilized powder in clinical trials especially in Alzheimers patients.