مولانا اختراحسن اصلاحی
افسوس ہے کہ گزشتہ مہینہ مولانا اختر احسن صاحب اصلاحی مہتمم مدرسۃ الاصلاح سرائمیر نے انتقال کیا، وہ مولانا حمیدالدین فراہیؒ کے ارشد تلامذہ میں تھے، ان کو انھوں نے اپنی مخصوص طرز پر کلام مجید پر غور و فکر اور اس کی تفسیر و تاویل کی تعلیم دی تھی اور وہ اس کے اچھے شارح و ترجمان تھے، اور سیاست میں بھی پوری دستگاہ حاصل تھی، دینداری اور زہد میں بھی استاد بزرگ کے شاگرد رشید تھے، انھوں نے پوری زندگی نہایت سادگی اور قناعت کے ساتھ ایک قلیل معاوضہ پر مدرسۃ الاصلاح کی خدمت میں گذار دی، اس زمانہ میں غربت و عسرت کے ساتھ علم و دین کی خدمت صرف عربی مدارس کا حصہ ہے وہ طبعاً نیک نفس، خاموش، عزت پسند اور نام و نمود سے بے نیاز تھے، ورنہ ان کے بعض رفقاء کی طرح ان کا شمار بھی مشاہیر میں ہوتا، مدرسۃ الاصلاح کی روح رواں اب وہی تھے، وفات کے وقت پچپن سال کے قریب عمر رہی ہوگی، اﷲ تعالیٰ علم و دین کے اس خادم کو اپنی رحمت و مغفرت سے سرفراز فرمائے۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی، نومبر ۱۹۵۸ء)
It is an established fact that the mainthrust driving force of all Islamic disciplines is the personality of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) who appeared in the Arab Peninsula, spreading the rays of divine wisdom throughout the globe. He emerged and prevailed the Prophetic message in such a vivid style that the whole humanity confessed his lasting impressions. The Indian sub-continent has also been one of the impressed territories despite of having no direct social, cultural or religious relationships, yet some approaches from Indian sub-continental Rajas and presentations of gifts to the Prophet (PBUH) have been recorded in the history. Historians have expressed the reality that before Muhammad bin Qasim, a numbers of companions of Prophet reached India and played a pivotal role in making the suitable ground for embracing Islam. Hence, the Arab epistemological tradition engraved in the core of Indian hearts which consequently, reappeared and emerged in the classical exegetical literature of sub-continental scholars, such as Shah Waliullah and his off shoots both in India and Pakistan. This paper has been specifically articulated to explore the Arab impression on exegetical writings in the sub-continent
The application of boron (B) and phosphorus (P) is a major issue worldwide. In addition, most of the Pakistani soils fail to supply sufficient B and P to growing plants because of calcareous nature of soils. Conversely, a few bacteria have been reported as B tolerant but their characteristics for enhancing nutrients supply to plants have not been studied yet. Likewise, bioaugmentation along with mineral fertilizer is attracting worldwide scientific community. In this scenario, the application of controlled-release fertilizers reduces nutrient losses and improves nutrient use efficiency (NUE). A reduction of about 20-30% of the recommended dose of commercial fertilizer can be obtained by the use of controlledrelease fertilizers while maintaining same crop yield. The current research work is therefore aimed to develop a coated fertilizer for simultaneous application of B, P and bacteria to achieve maximum benefits by reducing fertilizer losses. For this purpose, first of all, six pre-isolated bacterial strains (S-5, MN-34, MN-42, MN-17, MN-54 and MN-13) were screened however, the Bacillus sp. strain MN-54 was found to be the most tolerant to higher levels of B. In the next step, effect of molasses and B concentrations was determined on P solubilization and auxin production by the strain MN-54. It was found that P solubilization was improved by increasing molasses concentration from control to 1% in NBRIP medium, whereas B did not significantly change P solublization by the strain MN-54 at tested concentrations (0-180 mM B). The bacterium was also capable of auxin, siderophores and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase production. Moreover, temporal release of B and P in soil was improved up to 37 and 30%, respectively, in native soil in the presence of strain MN-54, which further resulted in improved growth of canola. These findings led to the development of 0.5, 1 and 1.5% organically-complexed bioaugmented boron coated DAP fertilizer formerly named as DAP-B. The experiment conducted to investigate the temporal release of DAP-B formulations elucidated that the availability of B was improved by increasing the amount of B on coated product. It was also noted that 50 and 75% application of 1.5% DAP-B showed slower but higher release of P compared to conventional fertilizer, while B was readily available. After that, a pot experiment followed by a field experiment were conducted to investigate the effectiveness of different formulations of DAP-B over conventional fertilizers (DAP and boric acid) by analyzing the growth, physiology, yield, quality and oil content of Brassica napus (canola) and Brassica juncea (mustard). For this purpose, three formulations of 0.5, 1 and 1.5% DAPB were investigated at four different levels i.e. 25, 50, 75 and 100% compared to recommended level of DAP. Considerable increase in growth, physiology, yield, quality, B and P concentration in grains and oil content of aforementioned crops was observed in treatments where any of the three formulations of DAP-B were applied at recommended rates compared to conventional DAP. However, 1.5% DAP-B applied at 75% of the recommended dose of DAP was found most effective for both crops under observation compared to other treatments. In inference, the present approach not only enhances plant growth, yield and oil content but also brings environmental and economic benefits as, a complex fertilizer becomes available to plants by reducing fertilizer losses. Furthermore, availability of mechanical fertilizer minimizes the labor cost due to single application of aforementioned nutrients (B, P) at once.