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حضورؐ! بزمِ جہاں پُروقار آپؐ سے ہے
فضائے کون و مکاں پر نکھار آپؐ سے ہے
حضورؐ! دل کا نگر شاد آپؐ کے دم سے
حضورؐ! جانِ حزیں کو قرار آپؐ سے ہے
حضورؐ! آپؐ کا صدقہ جہاں میں بٹتا ہے
حضورؐ! سلسلۂ روزگار آپؐ سے ہے
حضورؐ! آپؐ کی ہستی ہے رحمتِؐ عالم
خدا کا لطف و کرم بے شمار آپؐ سے ہے
حضورؐ! درد کے عنوان مٹ گئے سارے
رہا غموں سے دلِ صد فگار آپؐ سے ہے
خزاں رسیدہ شجر کو نویدِ برگ ملی
چمن کے نام پیامِ بہار آپؐ سے ہے
گلِ مراد تر و تازہ آپؐ کے دم سے
ہوائے باغِ جہاں خوشگوار آپؐ سے ہے
دلوں میں شمعِ ہدایت کی روشنی ہیں آپؐ
نظر پہ نورِ خدا آشکار آپؐ سے ہے
یقین بن گیا ایمان ’’انت فیھم‘‘ سے
بدوں پہ بخششِ پروردگار آپؐ سے ہے
وفا کا درس دیا آپؐ نے رفیقوں کو
عدو کی طبعِ گراں بردبار آپؐ سے ہے
نبیؐ کی نسبتِ مدحت کا فیض ہے عرفاںؔ
فقیر قابلِ صد افتخار آپؐ سے ہے
Background of the Study: The aim of the present research was to examine the assessment practices of Speech-Language Pathologists for Cognitive Communication Disorders after Traumatic Brain Injury.
Methodology: It was a cross-sectional survey method, a convenient sampling technique. Research was carried out from January 2021 to June 2021. The sample size was n=21, out of which n= 9 (42.8%) participants, each from Rawalpindi and Islamabad n= 3 (14.4%) participants from Lahore filled in their responses. Medium; being Online, the questionnaire was distributed either through email, WhatsApp or Facebook MessengerApp. SLPs who were undergraduates or who had no experience working with TBI clients were excluded. Questionnaire included 12 items. Responses of research participants were recorded using Google Forms and presented in the form of n (%). The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, and chi-square analysis was performed to confirm the association between settings, city of practice and years of experience through Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 22.0.
Results: Speech-Language Pathologists reported that they routinely assessed (62% each) Receptive and Expressive communication. However; less than half of the participants routinely evaluated domains like verbal pragmatic skills (43.3%), functional communication (33.3%) and phonemic awareness (33.3%). SLPs assessed their clients by employing tests like MoCA (55.62%), Quick Aphasia Battery (18.75%), Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA Protocol) (14.35%) and a combination of Formal (48%) and Informal (52%) clinical interviews.
Conclusion: Informal discourse assessment is incorporated more frequently as compared to informal discourse evaluation in assessment practices of Speech-Language pathologists of Pakistan for cognitive communication impairment followed by traumatic brain injury.
Wheat crop is cultivated in multifaceted cropping system. Maximum wheat crop is being cultivated in rice-wheat and cotton-wheat cropping systems. In both cropping systems, prolonged maturity and poor residue management delays wheat sowing. Late plantation affected significant yield potential every year. No-tillage cultivation practice is the appropriate approach to meet the delayed sowing yield gap. Keeping in view, the study was planned with two experiments to evaluate the productivity and profitability of wheat crop planted under no-tillage conditions and different row spacings. In first experiment, the role of seed priming and seed size on wheat productivity in conservation tillage was evaluated. Seed of different sizes (viz. bold, medium and small) treated with hydropriming, osmopriming and unprimed seed (untreated seed) were sown under no-tillage and conventional tillage. The observations were made on stand establishment, morphological, allometric and yield related traits. Primed seed improved stand establishment traits with both tillage systems specifically bold primed seed performed significantly in no-tillage system both years. Similarly, primed seed crop significantly improved all morphological and yield related traits of wheat. While bold osmoprimed seed significantly influenced on all yield related traits, productive tiller, 1000 grain weight, and grain yield during both the growing seasons. In second experiment, graded seed sizes (viz. bold, medium and small) treated with hydropriming and osmopriming and no-priming (untreated seed) were sown in 22.5 cm and 30 cm spaced rows apart. Observations on stand establishment, morphological and yield related traits were recorded following standard procedures. There was no significant influence of row spacing for stand establishment traits during both the years. However, seed size was significantly affected all stand establishment. Similarly, seed priming treatments also significantly improved germination in both year of study. Row spacing at 22.5 cm apart improved plant height, spike length was recorded during both year of study. However spikelet per spike was recoded non-significant under all row spacing of wheat. All morphological traits were significantly affected by seed sizes. There was no influence of row spacing on productive tillers per sq meter, number of grain and grain yield during both year of study. However, influence of row spacing was found statistically significant on 1000 grain weight and biological yield. Bold osmoprimed seed perform better in 22.5 cm apart rows compared to 30 cm spaced planted crop. While primed seed significantly improved productive tiller, 1000 grain weight biological yields and grain yield in both row spacings.