تربية اليتيم في ضوء الأسلوب القرآني

No doubt, that Allah’s book, the Holy Quran came for gathering the hearts, joining the ranks, strengthening the love and affection, kindness and justice, coordination between family and society, to build the strong coordinated society and orphan especially about the loss of their rights and depriving of their properties or engulf them wrongly. This paper discusses the care of the Quran with the orphans in all the dimensions of their rights and the situation of Qura’nic training/education for them, so that they can become strong parts for the society. Most of the coming verses discusses/narrates about them. Stating the meaning from them for all the justices that the Quran preceded all those demanding the justice for orphans rather it gave them with complete explanations. No explanations disturb anything about it knowledgeable, that the verses of the Quran presented 22 verses in which word of the orphan mentioned with the people 8 times and with the dual once and with the plural 14 times and he who explore these verses finds them divided into three types and the 1st type presents the mentioning of kindness/ charity, and testament/will for them in our Shariah and in the previous Shariahs, and the 2nd type mentions their social rights, so this paper studies all the dimensions of orphans’ life in the light of Qura’nic method with detail, so I liked to divide my this research paper into preface, 3 chapters and ending whereas preface includes the definition of orphan, and 1st chapter states the kindness/charity to the orphan and testament for them in the light of our Shariah and including the definition of orphan, and 2nd chapter presents their social rights as the 3rd takes care of their financial rights. In the ending comes with the important recommendations and suggestions.

Numerical Investigation of Convection-Diffusion-Reaction Systems

Numerical Investigation of Convection Diffusion Reaction Systems This work is concerned with the numerical solution of selected convection-diffusion-reaction (CDR) type mathematical models with dominating convective and reactive terms, coupled with some algebraic equations. Five established CDR-type models are analyzed namely, the gas-solid reaction, chemotaxis, liquid chromatography, radiation hydrodynamical, and hy- perbolic heat condition models. These models are encountered in various scientific and engi- neering fields, such as chemical engineering, biological systems, astrophysics, heat transfer, and fluid dynamics. The Laplace transformation is applied as a basic tool to find the ana- lytical solutions of linear CDR models for different types of boundary conditions. However, for the nonlinear models, numerical techniques are the only tools to get physical solutions. The nonlinear transport and stiff source (reaction) terms of the governing differential equa- tions produce discontinuities and narrow peaks in the solution. It is difficult to capture steep variations in the solution through a less accurate numerical scheme. Therefore, ef- ficient and accurate numerical methods are needed to obtain physically reliable solutions in acceptable computational time. The objective of this thesis project is to develop and implement simpler, robust, and accurate numerical frameworks for the solution of one and two-dimensional CDR type systems. The space-time CE/SE-method, the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) finite element method , and different high resolution finite volume schemes (FVSs) are proposed to numerically approximate the solution of these models. Several case studies are carried out. The validity and performance of the suggested numerical techniques are revealed through test problems and by comparing their results with each other, analytical solutions, and the results of some available finite volume schemes in the literature.