Search or add a thesis

Advanced Search (Beta)
Home > Photo-ionization studies of highly excited states of sodium

Photo-ionization studies of highly excited states of sodium

Thesis Info

Author

Fida Muhammad

Supervisor

Ali Nadeem

Department

Department of Physics

Program

MS

Institute

International Islamic University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2014

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

xiv,36

Subject

Physics

Language

English

Other

MS 530 FIP

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676724159125

Similar


Loading...
Loading...

Similar Books

Loading...

Similar Chapters

Loading...

Similar News

Loading...

Similar Articles

Loading...

Similar Article Headings

Loading...

26. Al-Shu’ara’/The Poets

26. Al-Shu’ara’/The Poets

I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah

The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.

26:01
a. Ta. Sin. Mim.
26:02
a. These are the Messages of the Clear Book - The Qur’an.
26:03
a. O The Prophet!
b. Perhaps you are going to destroy yourself with worry and grief just because they are not becoming believers.
26:04
a. If WE are to wish, WE can send down on them an Overpowering Sign from the heaven,
b. so that their necks/heads – pride and arrogance - will be forced to bow before it in
absolute humility and submission.
26:05
a. But WE have not wished it to be so,
b. thus whenever a new Message would come to them from the Immensely Merciful,
c. they would turn away in aversion from it.
26:06
a. Thus, indeed, they deny and belie it – The Qur’an;
b. but the truth of what they ridicule will come to haunt them in due course.
26:07
a. They demand a miracle while ignoring numerous miraculous signs of nature Allah has placed all around them; for example,
b. do they not observe the earth, how many of the beautiful pairs of useful vegetation, WE have made to grow on it?
26:08
a. Surely in this is a miracle,
b. yet most of them do not believe in these miracles.
26:09
a. And, your Rabb -The Lord – HE indeed is the Almighty to punish anyone for arrogance against the Truth, and yet the Compassionate especially to the reverent.

26:10
a. And remember when your Rabb - The Lord called out to Moses saying:
b. ‘Go to the people who are unjust ….

التفسير بالمأثور: قيمته العلمية، و أنواعه و مصادره

The main objective of the Quranic exegesis is to Cognizance of the extracting the orders. Through the "Transcribed Method” cognizance of exegesis can be made easily, because "Transcribed Method” is basis on the sayings of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), their companions & Ancestors. As this is fact, that every discussion has their own method & every sort of knowledge has their own experts/specialists. So, it is obligatory to know the particular person/experts of the specific field. In this article, describes the importance of exegesis kinds of Transcribed Method & their basic sources.

Markers Assisted Selection for Yield Contributing Traits in Edible Pea Lines

Many germplasm of Pisum sativum have been screen for estimation of genetic diversity, cluster plating and gene linkages. Little attention has been given to the development of homozygous lines from single seed descent method in pea. In the present study 24 pea lines were evaluated, out of 24 lines, 20 pre-developed novel lines of Pisum sativum were achieved through single seed descent method from the cross of Falloner and 11760-3ER. In parental combination, Falloner (female) was dwarf, bushy tendrils, leafless, no anthocyanin pigmentation, creamy flower, green pod, creamy seed color, smooth seed shape, disease resistant and low yielding. Whereas, 11760- 3ER (male) was tall, normal tendrils, leaflet present, anthocyanin pigmentation present, purple flower, purple pod, brown seed color, rough seed shape, disease susceptible and high yielding. The control lines for comparative performance was Climex (PL-22) and local cultivar (PL-21). All the selected pea lines were evaluated through morphological and molecular markers in order to select high yielding and powdery mildew resistant novel lines. These lines were further screened for estimation of genetic diversity and genetic linkages. In morphological traits analysis 9 qualitative and 22 quantitative traits were studied. Based on quantitative traits analysis, two novel high yielding and disease resistant pea lines (PL-4 and PL-5) were selected for seed certification. The grain yield of PL-4 and PL-5 is significantly (p< 0.05) high as compared to PL- 21 and PL-22. Regarding traits association, "seed coat with anthocyanin pigmentation" showed genetic linkage with "pigmentation on flower and leaf axil" and vice versa. Interestingly, the cluster analysis grouped "tall/low yielding", "dwarf/low yielding", "tall/high yielding", "dwarf/high yielding" pea lines independently. For molecular characterization, 20 RAPD and 85 SSR markers were screened to estimate genetic diversity and genetic linkage. The RAPD markers amplified 69 bands out of which 95.6% bands were polymorphic. The similarity indexes were ranging from 0.43 to 0.88%. Furthermore, out of 85 SSR markers, 12 showed genetic polymorphism and produced an average of 2 alleles per SSR locus. The polymorphism information content (PIC) values of SSR markers ranged from 0.08 to 0.47, with an average of 0.33. Nei’s genetic distance (GD) between accessions ranged from 0.10 to 0.92. Among the total used SSR primers, only P628 SSR marker showed significant linkage with grain yield traits at 90.91% probability. The linkage of the marker was reconfirmed through Chi-square test and showed r = 0.918 (P ≤0.00) genetic linkage. This markers can be directly utilized in MAS breeding for the selection of high yielding edible pea lines.