برما میں روہنگیا مسلمانوں کے مذہبی مسائل اور اس کے اسباب و اثرات

Buddhism is dominated by such other characteristics as sympathy, pity, and kindness. Furthermore, it forbids all kind of cruelty, violence, murder, brutality, and giving pain to any living creature. However, contrary to his teachings, the way his followers have targeted the Rohingya Muslims with violence and atrocities only shows how little they follow Gautama Buddha. Right from the independence of Burma, Buddhists,  declaring Muslims as a threat, started their genocide, which involved attacking their mosques, their homes, dishonoring Muslim women, and harassing the Muslims without any reason. This compelled Muslims to leave their homes and migrate. The recent wave of violence, starting in June 2012,  seriously affected the Muslim majority province of Arakan. Keeping in mind, Arakan is one of the fourteen Burmese provinces, where Islam have ruled since the time of Isalmic Caliphate. Unfortunately, in 1784, Burmese Prince Bodo Phia violated this garden of Islam by carrying out Muslim genocide. He banned all symbols of Islam such as pilgrimage, sacrifice,  prayers, Friday and Eid Prayers, and preaching. This study points out the religious problems and issues of Muslims believers in Arakan including its impact, causes and consequences on their lives. The analytical research Methodolgy has been adopted in this studty.

Determinants of Technological and Administrative Innovations in Non-Profit Organizations

Non-profit Organizations (NPOs), distinct from the governmental and private organizations, are a main part of a country and society. Time has shown the importance of NPOs in a country. They not only affect the society, but also the economy. The changing conditions of the economy imply NPOs to innovate their structures, policies, rules and doings in order to survive better. For this innovation has always been a major characteristic of NPOs. Non-profits should understand the different factors that bring such innovations. This study tries to analyse those factors which cause innovation and their effects on innovation. The study aims to explore the differential effects of structural, process and human factors on two types of innovations; administrative and technological. A data set of 324 respondents from non-profit organizations has been collected through interviews with heads of the organizations and through self-administered questionnaires. The responses have been statistically analysed through regression analysis and correlation matrix through SPSS 16. The positive and negative impacts of the five independent variables upon two dependent variables have been analysed by these tests. The results show that the factors that are favourable to technological innovations are almost the same as factors conducive to administrative innovations. Two variables; centralization and specialization are significant predictors'of administrative innovation and the same two factors plus transformational leadership are significant predictors of technological innovation. Based on these results, implications for the management of non-profits and future research suggestions have been recommended.