ورنہ پنجرے میں پرندے نہ دہائی دیتے
آسماں چھوتے ہوئے پیڑوں نے غداری کی
ا سے فاصلے پر
رتجگے میں خیمہ زن ہے،
اسے یہ کون سمجھائے....
کہ یوں آوارگی کی زد پہ رہنے
اور
آبائی ٹھکانہ تج کے جانے سے..... کسی کا کچھ نہیں جاتا،
فقط خوابوں کو بے گھر ہونا پڑتا ہے،،،
متاعِ بے بہا کو کھونا پڑتا ہے،
ہمیشہ واسطے
آنکھوں کو اشک-شفق گوں ہی رونا پڑتا ہے،
"عذابِ کم نگاہی"
عمر بھر کو ڈھونا پڑتا ہے...
بہت خوش رنگ اور دلکش مناظر کو
بہت گہرے دھندلکوں کی
کسی گہری گراوٹ میں
ابد تک سونا پڑتا ہے...!!!
اسے یہ کبہت دن سے ہماری نیند
آنکھوں سے ذردل کے زخموں نے جب آنکھوں میں نموکاری کی
میں نے خوش رہنے کی بھر پور اداکاری کی
کچی پگڈنڈی کسی طور عیاں کرتی نہیں
شہرِ کم ظرف پہ تاثیر وفاداری کی
مجھ سے چھینی ہے مری پیاس کسی دریا نے
میں نے یونہی نہیں صحرا کی طرفداری کی
غم کی تشہیر اگر حب کی علامت ھے تو دوست
میرا رونا بھی سند مان لے حبداری کی
ہم زمیں زاد فلک سمت نہیں دیکھیں گے
ہاں وہ دیکھے جسے اُمید ہو غمخواری کی
یعنی یک لخت مجھے تنہا کیا, چھوڑ دیا
یہ عجب اپنے تئیں اس نے سمجھ داری کی
ون سمجھائے؟
Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) asked the Ummat to build a strong bond with Quran and Sunnah. However, it was not possible to hold these, till both were not maintained in their original form. The science of Hadith has a significant role in the preservation of this Islamic Intellectual Heritage. It became possible because of the tremendous efforts of the Muslim Scholars who spent their entire lives in learning and spreading the Islamic knowledge. Imam Muslim bin Hajjaj al Qushairi 578 AD is one of the most enthusiastic, popular, and authentic personalities in the field of science of Hadith and among the bibliography of the narrators of Hadiths. His compilation As-Sahih Al-Jamey has a major contribution in preservation of Hadith. It is considered as the second most authentic book after The Quran. The paper discusses in details about the life of this intellectual personal, his journeys, his teachers, his students, his status, and his other research works.
Modeling and Control of Underground Coal Gasification Pakistan is going through an acute energy crisis despite being blessed by huge energy potential. Pakistan has approximately 185 billion tonnes of coal, of which 175 billion tonnes of Lignite B is located in Thar. The most suitable technology to harness the potential of the Thar coal reservoirs is the underground coal gasification (UCG), which involves the underground conversion of coal in to synthetic gas that can be used in numerous industrial applications. Therefore, the planning commission of Pakistan allocated the Block V of Thar coal field to UCG project Thar, in order to setup a pilot project. This research work deals with the modeling and control of Thar coal gasifier. In this research work a computer model is developed for the underground gasification of Block V of the Thar coal field. The numerical solution of the model is carried out by incorporating a pseudo steady state approximation, which replaces gas phase PDEs with ODEs with respect to the length of the reactor. This approximation assumes that the concentration of the gases attain steady steady before any significant change occurs in the densities of coal and char. The PDEs for the densities of coal and char and solid temperature are solved by finite difference method, while the gas phase ODEs are simultaneously solved as a boundary value problem, marching from inlet to outlet. The simulation results show that the solution of the model is capable of providing space and time profiles for different physical quantities, such as, coal and char densities, concentration and molar fractions of different gases, rate of different chemical reactions and solid and gas temperatures. A detailed parametric study is also carried out for the model solution, which shows that the composition of the product gas is sensitive to various coal properties and operating conditions. The parametrization of a complex process like UCG is a formidable job, which includes a large number of physical and chemical properties of coal, different operating conditions and various in situ phenomena. In order to determine the composition of coal and char, the ultimate analysis of their samples is carried out. The results of the ultimate analysis are prone to uncertainty, because the measurements are obtained from different coal samples, which go through different handling procedures before they are analyzed.