مفتی محمد تقی عثمانی کی معروف تصنیفات و تالیفات کا تعارفی جائزہ

Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani is one of the leading Deoband Hanafi Islamic Scholars living today from Pakistan. He is the son of late Molana Muhammad Shafi, the grand mufti of Pakistan. He is the brother of Islamic scholars Muhammad Rafi Usmani, Muhammad Wali Razi, Muhammad Razi Usmani as well as of Urdu poet Muhammad Zaki Kaifi. He is regarded as an expert in the fields of Hadith, Islamic Jurisprudence (Fiqh), Economics and Tasawwuf. He served as a judge on the Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan from 1980 to 1982 and the Shariat Appellate Bench of the Supreme Court of Pakistan between 1982 and 2002. He is generally known as one of the leading Shariah Scholars active in the field of Islamic finance. For more than a decade he has served as Chairman or Member of Shariah Supervisory boards of a dozen Islamic banks and prestigious financial institutions in various parts of the world. Allah Almighty has blessed him with the writing skill. He has written translations of the Holy Quran in both English and Urdu. He has been writing on various Islamic topics in Arabic, Urdu & English and is author of more than 70 books and numerous articles, published in a number of journals and magazines. In his books, Justice Taqi Usmani has discussed the solutions of individual, collective, social, political and economic problems in the light of Islamic principles. His books are very famous not only in Pakistan but also in India, Malaysia, Bangladesh and many other countries in the world. With this perspective, the present article deals with the introduction of important books of Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani.

Civil Aviation Laws in Pakistan: A Critical Analysis

Aviation is an important and vital means of transportation and trade. It is a growing industry and for sustainable growth it is important that air transportation be safe, and environmental-friendly. If the safety of aviation is compromised it will hamper the development of the industry and will have adverse effects on the lives of millions of people who are directly or indirectly employed by the industry. Moreover, transportation of passengers, cargo, and baggage will also be affected. Therefore, to ensure development, it is important to critically evaluate current aviation laws to find whether these are in accordance with contemporary realities and global needs. Similarly, the aviation industry in Pakistan is at the novice stage, but it is developing. It is thus imperative to ensure that aviation laws in Pakistan are in accordance with international aviation law, regulations, and policy for its safety and sustainable growth.In recent times, aviation in Pakistan faced many setbacks in the form of major aviation accidents that resulted in the loss of precious lives. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to review the domestic aviation laws in light of international obligations, and to identify loop-holes in the legal regime that pose threat to the safety of people and aircrafts. The existing aviation law, policy guidelines, and rules in Pakistan are analyzed in accordance with parameters laid down by the international aviation legal regime. To this end, not only different laws are examined, but also the investigation report of aviation accidents, and court cases are analyzed. Similarly, the structure and organization of the Civil Aviation Authority is studied to determine its independence that is necessary to ensure the full implementation of law. The main reason for carrying out this study is the lack of literature on Pakistani aviation laws. Environmental issues related to aviation are at the center of vigorous debates at many international aviation bodies. Different solutions are proposed that have been argued over the years to control and offset the emissions from aviation. In this study, the impact of aviation on environment and proposed solutions are analyzed to identify the best possible solutions that can ensure environmental protection and sustainable growth of the industry without causing extra burden on passengers or airlines. This study concludes that international aviation legal frameworks give enough liberty to states to make their own rules within the broader limits fixed by international law. However, there are some minimum safeguards and standards that are fixed by international law that are to be incorporated in domestic law and certain level of uniformity is necessary for the efficiency and coordination of aviation. Pakistan has incorporated most laws and rules in accordance with international obligations. However, the Civil Aviation Authority of Pakistan is not an independent body as recorded by international law, and extensive powers are entrusted to the Director General and the Federal Government that can hinder issues related to investigation and safety of aviation. Similarly, the international community is struggling to find the best solution to offset emission from aviation. Pakistan lags in this regard and has not enacted any law to curb such emissions nor to offset them. Furthermore, the amount of damages and compensation in case of injury, or death in aviation accidents is much lower than international standards. There are many shortcomings in the investigation process that hinder in achieving the very essence of aviation investigation. This study recommends that all lacunas be removed and laws be strictly implemented to ensure safety and sustainability of aviation. Aviation laws in Pakistan should be in accordance with international legal framework to ensure uniformity and thereby to guarantee the safety of aviation sector.