احساس مُروَّت کوکچل دیتے ہیں حالات
نحمدہ ونصلی علی رسولہ الکریم امّا بعد فاعوذ بااللہ من الشیطن الرجیم
بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم
تلک الایام نداولھا بین الناس -- صدق اللہ العظیم -
صدر ِذی وقار معزز اسا تذہ کرام اور میرے ہم مکتب ساتھیو!
آج مجھے جس موضوع پر لب کشائی کا موقع فراہم کیا گیا ہے وہ ہے:’’احساس مُروَّت کو کچل دیتے ہیں حالات ‘‘
جنابِ صدر!
احساس سے مراد محسوس کرنا ہے، اور اس کا تعلق قوتِ عقل سے ہے جو عقل کی دولت سے مالا مال ہے، جو گلستانِ عقل و شعور کا گل سرسبز ہے، جو بحرِ آگہی کی اٹھتی ہوئی موج ہے، جو آسمان فہم و فراست کا قطب ستارہ ہے، جو میدانِ ادراک و وجدان کا شاہسوار ہے وہ احساس جیسی متاع گراں کا بھی مالک ہے۔ وہ نہ صرف جہاندیدہ ہے بلکہ گرم سرد چشیدہ بھی ہے۔
اگرچہ اس کائنات میں غیرذوی العقول مخلوق بھی کچھ احساس کا پاس رکھتی ہے لیکن احساس کی تمام جزئیات و کلیات سے کماحقہٗ باخبر اشرف المخلوقات انسان ہی ہوتا ہے۔
بندوں میں خدا ڈھونڈ رہا، عشق کے بندے
میں عشق کے بندوں میں خدا ڈھونڈ رہا ہوں
معزز سامعین!
حواس خمسہ میں سے کسی حس کے ذریعے جب کوئی چیز معلوم کی جاتی ہے یا کسی کا ادراک حاصل کیا جا تا ہے تو وہ احساس ہی ہوتا ہے۔ قوت لامسہ، سامعہ یہ جملہ قو تیں معلومات اکٹھی کرتی ہیں۔ اگر خارجی عوامل کارفرما نہ ہوں اور یہ جملہ قویٰ قوانین فطرت کے مطابق عمل کر رہے ہوں تو اس کائناتِ رنگ و بو کے گلستان میں بہار آجاتی ہے۔ نرگس و گلاب کھلکھلا اُٹھتے ہیں ، عنادل وقمریاں سریلے گیت گانا شروع کر دیتی ہیں، ان کی آواز سے گلشن ہستی کا سارا ماحول خوشگوار ہو جا تا...
Plagiarism is a cheating in form of stealing the ideas or language of others, which is morally and ethically crime and it's also an offense. In the field of education plagiarism is an academic fraud, therefore it is considered a theft. In material world the things which belong to us are considered our property; same is the case in academic world ideas, concepts words and work which belong to us are known as "intellectual property". Thus, we cannot use or cite others’ academic work without permission. Islam is the only religion that advocates for knowledge seeking and sharing with others. So sharing useful knowledge is Sadqa-e-Jāriyia. But this does not mean to attain knowledge and overlook the real source of knowledge. In this connection individual has to give credit whenever one uses the work of others anywhere. Hence, if we are using the work of others and do not cite the source and acknowledge the real author, we indulge ourselves in "Plagiarism" or in academic fraud. So in this scenario, academic world copyright or authorship is important. In recent terminology these are known as "intellectual property rights". In present era deceiving and harming of others has become common. In academia, "intellectual frauds" are more common nowadays. The objective of this article is to highlight the Islamic perspective in the avoidances of plagiarism. In this regard, Qur᾽ānic verses and Ahādīth have been used for exploring how Islam has indicated the avoidances of plagiarism. The main theme of this paper is to highlight and explore the Islamic vision regarding the academic theft and current preventive practices in Pakistan. It is suggested & concluded that in Islam plagiarism is prohibited. It also indicates the terms & conditions for the use of academic work of other scholars. There is dire need that the Muslim experts should also revive new Islamic copyright rules and regulation for honest academic writing.
Pakistan produces massive amount of crop residue with high bulk volume and low density. This residue is difficult to handle, transport, and store. Only a little amount of energy is recovered from it due to inefficient techniques while remaining is wasted. Farmers often use on site disposal via burning to remove this residue which results in release of enormous amount of harmful gases to the environment due to incomplete combustion. There is need to have modern technologies to convert loose biomass residue into dense, well-shaped product like briquettes that would be easy to burn and sustainable to the environment. Moreover, these energy blocks in the form of briquettes can be utilized in energy extraction systems as an alternative of wood and expensive fossil fuels (crude oil, natural gas and coal). Specially, deployment in electricity power generation plants can provide huge relieve from the energy shortage in the country. The present study shows the development, optimization and performance evaluation of intermediate pressure briquettes forming machine, working on mechanical piston press technology with production capacity ≈300 kg/m3 and produces 85 mm diameter briquettes. To develop it locally available material, technology and man power was used to reduce the cost of machine. Concavity of machine’s die was optimized at 20° tapered. It was optimized based on durability, density and compressible strength of briquettes at 20% moisture content, 9 mm particle size and 300° Cmould (die) temperature using a specific binder ratio i.e. crop residue: slurry: starch = 12:3:1. Comparison of Exhaust gases (CO, CO2, NOx and SO2) analysis of the raw biomass and briquettes showed that burning of briquettes released from 43 to 6 times less toxic gases as compared to their loose straws and conventional solid fuels. Payback period and benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of briquettes formation plant were calculated as eight months and 1.25 respectively.So, economical, environment friendly and good quality solid fuel was produced from crop residue.