مولوی محمد امین زبیری
افسوس ہے کہ گزشتہ مہینہ اردو کے ایک پرانے اہل قلم مولوی محمد امین صاحب زبیری نے کراچی میں انتقال کیا، ان کا وطن مارہرہ تھا، لیکن ان کی عمر کا بڑا حصہ بھوپال میں گزرا وہ ریاست بھوپال کے شعبۂ تاریخ کے مہتمم تھے اور بیگم صاحبہ بھوپال کے تحریری اور تصنیفی کاموں میں بھی مدد دیتے تھے، مولانا شبلی مرحوم سے خاص تعلقات تھے، چنانچہ مکاتیب شبلی میں ان کے نام بہت سے خطوط ہیں، بیگم صاحبہ بھوپال نے سیرۃ النبیؐ کی تالیف کے لئے دوسو ماہوار کی جو امداد مقرر کی تھی اس میں امین زبیری صاحب کی کوشش کو بھی دخل تھا، پھر مولانا شبلی کی وفات کے بعد انہی کی کوشش سے یہ امداد دارالمصنفین کی جانب منتقل ہوگئی اور ان کے تعلقات دارالمصنفین سے بھی برابر قائم رہے، مگر وہ سرسید ان کی پالیسی اور علی گڑھ تحریک کے بڑے پرجوش حامیوں میں تھے، اس کے خلاف کوئی بات سننا گوارا نہ کرتے تھے، اس لیے حیات شبلی کی اشاعت کے بعد ان کو دارالمصنفین سے شکایت پیدا ہوگئی تھی، مگر پھر وہ خود ہندوستان سے ہجرت کرگئے، ان کی پوری زندگی تالیف و تصنیف میں گزری، نواب محسن الملک، نواب وقار الملک، ڈاکٹر ضیاء الدین اور آغا خان کے حالات میں انھوں نے مستقل کتابیں لکھیں، ان کے علاوہ متعدد تصانیف ان کی یادگار ہیں، انتقال کے وقت نوے سال کی عمر تھی، ان کی موت سے ایک پرانی یادگار مٹ گئی، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کی مغفرت فرمائے۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی، اکتوبر ۱۹۵۸ء)
The natural worth of anything consists in its fitness to supply the necessities and serve the conveniences of human needs. The welfare state always strives to put in place the necessary impetus that will ensure the material and spiritual well being of people in its domain. Islamic welfare state shapes the social, economic, cultural and political engagements as a complementary whole guided by the basic principles (Sharia), to establish a society where justice, equity, and economic prosperity are prominent, as well as rape the benefits of this life and the next. This article explains the concept of the welfare state and its basic foundations in the light of Riyast-e-Madinah, which is considered to be the first welfare state. Furthermore, this article enlights the role of the state in social welfare and humanity.
Present work refers to the design, synthesis, bioevaluation and computational studies of multifunctionalized dihydropyrimidines (DHPMs) known to possess immense pharmacological activities. A series of DHPM derivatives were synthesized by different strategies. In the first strategy, one pot Biginelli reaction was carried out using three building blocks (i.e. aryl aldehydes, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and diamino compounds). Hence three different types of DHPMs namely 4-aryl-3,4- dihydropyrimidine-2-ones (1-44), 4-aryl-3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2-thiones (45-69) and 2-amino-1,4-DHPMs (70-79) were synthesized. Through this strategy diversity was introduced at N1, C2, C4, C5 and C6 positions of pyrimidine nucleus. Moreover, keeping in view the difficulties during the synthesis of DHPM via Biginelli three component reaction, the conditions were optimized by doing these reactions through different modes such as sonication, microwave irradiation, as well as through conventional heating. Excellent yields without any side products were obtained under mild reaction conditions under sonication using a cheap catalyst i.e. SnCl 2 . Based on a simple nucleophilic displacement scheme, another set of 2-aminopyrimidines (83-87) was also synthesized. The second strategy involved modification of different functionalities of DHPM nucleus synthesized previously through one pot strategy. This led to introduction of different diversity elements farther at C5 and C6 positions leading to pyrimidines 88-92. Besides synthesizing a variety of pyrimidines, partial synthesis of ispinesib (a well known KSP inhibitor) was carried out via two routes with a view to optimize the reaction conditions and yield of the rate limiting step each of the two synthetic strategies. Since the synthesized dihydropyrimidines are anticipated to have important pharmacological properties, therefore, all these compounds were subjected to in vitro screening for studying their potential as urease inhibitors, xanthine oxidase inhibitors, thymidine phosphorylase inhibitors, potato disc tumor inhibitors and as antiglycation agents. Compound 53 was found to have very strong potential as urease inhibitor and may serve as a lead for developing into antiulcer drug. iiiIn silico studies were also carried out on the most active compounds identified in different bioassays by doing molecular docking and pharmacophore matching. Furthermore, in silico designing of DHPM based KSP, urease and thymidine phosphorylase inhibitors was carried out with a view to develop novel KSP, urease and TP inhibitors.