بچوں کے عمرانی مسائل: اسلامی تعلیمات اور بین الاقوامی قوانین کے تناظر میں ایک جائزہ

The way the religion of Islam has emphasized the human rights, might be any other religion has given importance to this very specific topic. Although in Islam, there has no any chapter making been made in Quran and hadith on the permanent bases on the topic of basic human rights, yet if some search is made to find out these Quran and Sunnah, these are also present in expended form in various places and along with these guided principles are also present there. In Quran there is admonition in many places for the protection of human soul, goods and honor as well. Whereas Hadith along with the other various teachings, specifically on the eve of the last sermon known as ( Khutba hajja tul wida) of the Rasool(PBUH) the prescribed charter of human rights is enough to highlight its importance, but no distinctive laws are cited with a special regarded to  children. Anyhow, in 18th century, issues relevant to children came into view those also became the cause of many movements and all the countries are formulated unanimous laws which are still being applied. In present era, the social issues of the children are becoming obnoxious severe. On the behalf of these issues their growth, training and many other facts of life are also attention catching. In this article, an analysis of Islamic and International laws with respect to children will be made and those causes will also be cited due to which social issues of children are continuously being generated.

Organizational Socialization and Work Identity: Role of Person-Environment Fit and Social Validation

The present study aims to examine the impact of organizational socialization strategies on work identity of newly hired employees that is team identity, professional identity and organizational identity through perceived social validation. It is also proposed that person environment fit moderates the relationship between socialization and perceived social validation. The moderated mediation model has been proposed on the basis of Social identity theory by explaining process of categorization, uncertainty reduction and self-enhancement. Data gathered through questionnaires from 350 new employees of service and manufacturing industry and was collected on time-lagged design that was comprised on three different time spans with 2 months’ gap in each time interval. The significance of the study is that it is to make refinement in the social identity theory by testing how social validation (mediator) and person environment fit (moderator) taken in the study can authenticate the two fundamental needs of social identity theory which are uncertainty reduction and self enhancement. Data was analyzed using SEM for main & indirect effects,for moderation analysis, Hayes PROCESS was applied. Results support our main and indirect effects. Main effects are relationship of organizational socialization and different types of identities (Organizational identity, Team identity & Professional identity) whereas indirect effects are the mediating role of perceived social validation by coworker & supervisor between organizational socialization and the identities.However, moderation showed directional but insignificant effect which means that PE Fit neither strengthen nor weaken the relationship between organizational socialization (OS) and perceived social validation (PSV). Moreover, the study is helpful for HR Managers to opt for socialization strategies to build identification and to attract the new employees