This research study was designed to access the effectiveness of Public Private Partnership in school education. The objectives of the study were, 1) to find out the availability and utilization of the physical facilities in schools established under public private partnership, 2) to investigate the opinion of different stakeholders about the current situation of public private partnership, 3) to assess the effectiveness of public-private partnership in the development of school education in Punjab, and 4) to compare the views of teachers working in schools established under public private partnership in different regions of the Punjab regarding Community Participation Project. Multistage cluster sampling technique was adopted. Punjab province was divided into three regions i.e. Northern Region, Central Region and Southern Region, having three districts from the northern region, four districts from the central region and four districts from the southern region for the purpose of data collection. The study was delimited to Community Model Schools (CMS) functioning under Community Participation Project (CPP) scheme. Study was also delimited to Board of Intermediate & Secondary Education (BISE), Rawalpindi for the purpose of results comparison. Three questionnaires were developed for teachers, heads of CMS, and for managers/ administrators of the Education Department, Punjab. Structured interviews were also conducted to get the opinion of experts/ educationists regarding the current situation of Public Private Partnership in school education in Punjab. 332 CMS were functioning in the entire Punjab. Responses of 124 heads, 248 teachers of CMS and 32 managers/ administrators were collected personally and by mail. A pro-forma was developed to obtain the results of CMS from The Board’s Result Gazettes for the years 2005- 06, 2006-07 and 2007-08 for Secondary School Certificate (SSC) and Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSSC) examinations. Chi Square and percentages were applied for data analysis. On the basis of findings, it was concluded that, a) majority of the CMS were functioning as girl’s institutions, b) number of CMS was decreasing on a large scale, c) functioning of CMS was according to process/ procedure given in CPP scheme, d) a number of objectives of The CPP scheme could not be achieved in the entire practice, e) majority of the CMS were closed due to electricity bills, Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education (BISE) affiliation fee, charging of 10% as Farogh e Taleem Fund (FTF) from afternoon school and disputes with morning school management, f) teachers and heads of Community Model Schools were of the opinion that Department of Education has lack of interest in CPP scheme, g) there were no incentives for the students of CMS, h) there were no incentives for the teachers of CMS, i) old fee tariff was still in practice , and j) some of the institutions were collecting additional fee from their students. The recommendations of the study were, (a) implementation strategy may be redesigned in consultation with local administration, (b) 5% of the gross income of CMS may be charged as FTF instead of 10%, (c) there should be separate meters or morning school may be charged for utility bills according to their consumption, (d) provision of Community Model School to head of the same morning school should be banned, (e) students of afternoon school may also be facilitated with provision of free books from the Punjab government, (f) fee structure for the students of CMS may be revised, and (g) CMS may be either exempted from BISE affiliation/ recognition fee or fee may be minimized to affordable cost.
Oratory (خطا بت) has been of much importance in human history. In pre Islamic period a speaker had a very important place in Arab society. Speaker used to address on many different occaisions& nbsp; i.e war, death and marriage etc. But there were many faults in their speeches and speech methods. When Hazrat Muhammad (SWA) who is last prophet of Allah announced& nbsp; his prophethood, & nbsp; Allah bestowed him with many qualities; one of them is& nbsp; oratory or eloquence. Muhaddiseen have narrated more than six hundred& nbsp; speeches of Hazart Muhammad (SWA) in their books. The art of oration of Hazrat Muhammad (SWA)and& nbsp; art of oration in pre Islamic period will& nbsp; be discussed in this ariticle. Currently& nbsp; different Muslim speakers& nbsp; deliver speeches& nbsp; in different ways& nbsp; which are not according& nbsp; to Sunnah of Hazrat Muhammad, (SWA)Due to this practice& nbsp; they are criticised& nbsp; by the masses. This article will help them to adopt the qualities of the oratory of Hazrat Muhammad(SWA).
The study attempts to evaluate the phenomenon of Talibanization in Pakistan. Taliban emerged in Afghanistan and after 9/11 became active in Pakistan. The active participation of Pakistan in the War against Terrorism and military actions against terrorist groups operating from the tribal region gave rise to militancy and Talibanization. The country has been dealing with militancy and insurgency since 2002. The study focuses on the role of Taliban and other extremist/militant groups who share Taliban’s ideology and are active in Pakistan. Besides Taliban’s ideology and actions have impacted Pakistani society and politics in many ways, Pak-US relations, internal security, especially in FATA, and economic and social development. The research is based on the conceptual model of insurgency assessment. The study traces the history of Talibanization and underscores the different sub-organizations that are working under the umbrella of Taliban. The study suggests that military operations should be consistent against TTP/Al-Qaeda and all other terrorist factions. Combined operations involving security forces and law enforcement agencies should be carried out based on accurate intelligence consistent with national goals. While Pakistan’s government has taken serious steps, like National Action Plan, to address extremism / terrorism, Talibanization continues to have an impact on Pakistan’s internal security.