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Home > An Analytical Study of Guidance and Counseling Facilities in Academic Institutions at Secondary, Intermediate and Graduate Levels

An Analytical Study of Guidance and Counseling Facilities in Academic Institutions at Secondary, Intermediate and Graduate Levels

Thesis Info

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Author

Samson, Ann

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Karachi

City

Karachi

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2015

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Education

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/7905/1/Ann%20Samson%20Full.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676724478500

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شبِ برات اور آتشبازی کی قبیح رسم

شب برات اور آتش بازی کی قبیح رسم
انسان کی ہمیشہ سے خواہش رہی ہے کہ کام تھوڑ ا کر نا پڑے اور اس کی مزدوری اور اُجرت زیادہ مل جائے۔ اللہ تعالیٰ نے بھی کچھ اوقات ایسے مقرر کیے ہیں کہ اس میں دین اسلام پر کار بند شخص تھوڑی سی عبادت کر کے ڈھیروں ثواب کما سکتے ہیں۔ ان اوقات میں لیلۃ القدر یعنی شب برات بھی ہے جو پندرہ شعبان المعظم کی رات ہے اور کروڑوں مسلمان اس رات میں شبِ بیدار ی کر کے اپنے پروردگار کے سامنے سر بسجدہ ہوتے ہیں اور اپنے گناہوں کی معافی کے طلبگار ہوتے ہیں۔ چنانچہ قرآن مجید میں ہے کہ:۔
’’حم قسم ہے کتاب مبین کی بیشک ہم نے اتارا ہے اسے ایک برکت والی رات میں بے شک ہم ڈر سنانے والے ہیں، اس رات ہرحکمت والا کا م بانٹ دیا جا تا ہے۔‘‘
تشریح! یہاں کتاب مبین سے مراد کلام اللہ یعنی قرآنِ مجید فرقانِ حمید ہے اگر چہ بعض مقامات پر اس سے مرادلوح محفوظ بھی ہے۔ نزولِ قرآن کی رات کی عظمت و فضیلت کو ظاہر کرنے لیے اللہ تعالیٰ نے قرآنِ مجید کی قسم ارشاد فرمائی۔ لیلۃ القدر برکتوں والی رات اس رات کے تعین میں مختلف اقوال ہیں لیکن عام طور پرد وقول زیادہ مشہور ہیں ایک تو یہ کہ اس سے مراد لیلۃ القدر ہے جو ماہ ِرمضان شریف میں آتی ہے۔ دوسرا قول یہ ہے کہ اس سے مراد شب ِبرات ہے جو شعبان المعظم کی پندرھویں رات ہے جیسا کہ تفسیر مظہری میں ہے۔ حضرت عکرمہصنے کہا کہ یہ پندرھویں شعبان کی رات ہے جس میں سال بھر کے امور لکھ دیئے جاتے ہیں جنہیں مرنا ہوتا ہے انہیں زندوں کی فہرست سے نکال دیا جاتا ہے پھر ان میں نہ زیادتی کی جاتی ہے نہ کمی۔

الربافی بلاد غیرالمسلمة: دراسة فقهیة مقارنة

Islam is not a mere set of worships but it leaves no stone unturned to guide its followers regarding the social conduct be it politico-legal, sociocultural or economic etc to name a few. The interest-based transactions have been categorically rendered impermissible and unlawful by virtue of Quranic injunctions and authentic ahadith. In this article the issue of interest based transactions – Muslim to Muslim, Muslim to non-Muslim and vice versa, a Muslim resident of a non-Muslim state and a Muslim non-resident of a nonMuslim state – has been discussed in detail in the light of Quran, hadith and juristic rulings of the eminent Islamic scholars including the great four imams.

Education for All Through Inclusive Education: the Role of the Principal in Transforming the School to Reach out to All Learners Through Inclusive Education: A Case Study of a Private School

The philosophy of inclusive education has developed from the long history of global educational reforms since 1948 that, seek to reinforce the principles of Education as a Human Right. These legislations over the years culminated into the Salamanca Statement (1994) of inclusion, which was signed by 92 nations of the world, with the number having increased over the last 11 years to 164 nations currently (UNESCO, 2005). The target is that by 2015, these nations should have realized basic Education for All (EFA) through their national goals and work plans for Universal Primary Education (UPE). This is a major challenge, especially for developing countries, where progress has been relatively slow (Eleweke&Rodda, 2000). UNESCO (1998) points out that majority of students with special needs, specifically those with disabilities, remain excluded from schools; therefore, a major challenge for these nations to realize the UPE goals by 2015. The World Bank report (2003) on EFA estimates that 40 million children out of the 115 million children, who are out of schools, are children with special needs. Inclusive Education (IE) is seen as the vehicle, through which the goals of EFA can be achieved. Inclusive Education means accommodating all children in mainstream schools regardless of their physical or individual differences. It is within this context of events that I conducted a case study research of a private inclusive school, focusing on the role of the principal in transforming a school to reach out to all learners through Inclusive Education. It is apparent that schools need to change their perspectives so as to recognize, value, and provide for diversity in curriculum. My study revealed that a principal can transform the school to reach out to all learners by restructuring the school philosophy to reflect positive behaviors and support for diversity; change school policies on admission, assessment and curriculum implementation in order to retain learners with special needs; show support for teachers through relevant professional development programs, provision of adequate time and resources; strong partnership and involvement of parents and community; and modeling and reinforcing inclusive education behaviors through hands-on site-management. The background of the study was based on my life story, that is being a parent of a child with special needs, as evidence of an insider's voice on the challenges of educating children with special needs.