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Assessment of Phytoremedial Potential of Some Commercial Tree Species As Irrigated by Wastewater

Thesis Info

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Author

Hussain, Zafar

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Agriculture

City

Faisalabad

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2016

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Forestry

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/9651/1/Zafar_Hussain_Forestry_2016_HSR_UAF_09.11.2016.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676724522355

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Over population, urbanization and industrialization are profoundly polluting our environment with various types of organic and/or inorganic pollutants, especially, the heavy metals. This is the outcome of blind use of fertilizers, pesticides, petroleum products and raw wastewater for irrigation in agriculture. Urban wastewater is one of the sources of heavy metal, causing serious threat to urban and agro-ecosystems. A newly emerging phytoremedial (eco-friendly) approach is being used globally to minimize the heavy metal pollution from air, soil and wastewater. This research work was designed to examine the potential of woody plants to reduce heavy metal pollution. The present study was conducted during 2012-2014 in the Department of Forestry and Range Management, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. The study was carried out to assess phytoremedial potential of four tree species viz: Acacia ampliceps, Acacia nilotica, Azadirachta indica and Morus alba. The randomly selected four species were linearly planted in 2008 in field experimental area, Directorate of Farms University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (Pakistan) under three different sources of irrigation (treatments) viz: canal water (IS1), domestic wastewater (IS2) and municipal wastewater (IS3). As preliminary study, plant data were collected and analyzed for growth behavior and heavy metal uptake by the tree species under each source of irrigation. Secondly, a pot experiment was conducted to study the response of the same tree species as irrigated by wastewater. Tree seedlings were grown in plastic pots by applying prescribed types of irrigations (treatments). In the third experiment, tree seedlings of four species were grown in polythene bags and subjected to irrigation water of four qualities (treatments) viz: Tap water (control), distilled water with three different levels of Cd and Pb (a- 0.02 mg Cd and 10 mg Pb L-1, b- 0.04 mg Cd and 20 mg Pb L-1, c- 0.06 mg Cd and 30 mg Pb L-1). The focus of the third study was to reasses heavy metal uptake potential of the same species under controlled conditions. Data (from three experiments) revealed that A. ampliceps got top ranking with regard to heavy metal (Cd & Pb) uptake showing no or limited growth stress. Whereas, M. alba was found least active in this regard. For instance, A. ampliceps absorbed average concentration 12.79 mg kg-1, 3.38 mg kg-1 and 1.91 mg kg-1 of Cd contents in first, second and third experiments, respectively. Similarly, it absorbed average concentration 85.93 mg kg-1, 70.93 mg kg-1 and 31.70 mg kg-1 of Pb in the same experiments, respectively. However, M. alba absorbed average concentration 4.22 mg kg-1, 1.42 mg kg- 1 and 0.49 mg kg-1 of Cd in first, second and third experiments respectively. Whereas, Pb uptake by M. alba in the same experiments was an average concentration: 27.34 mg kg-1, 12.34 mg kg-1 and 6.36 mg kg-1 respectively. Based on our findings, it was concluded that Acacia ampliceps is the best phytoremedial tree species for polluted soil and water contaminated with Cd and Pb metal. Raising A. nilotica and M. alba as browse species in not risky for our food chain system. On the other hand, A. ampliceps should not be used for forage purpose when planted with wastewater irrigation.
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ساری راتیں کراں وچار

ساری راتیں کراں وچار
دکھاں درداں نال وہار
دکھاں دی پنڈ چائی پھردا
بھارا ہویا سرے تے بھار
کدی خزاں اُداسی ناہیں
حسن ترے دی عجب بہار
ہونٹ تیرے نیں لال گلابی
اکھاں تیریاں مست خمار
دکھاں درداں ہجراں کُٹھا
برہوں تیرے نیں سٹیا مار
کدی حنیف توں پچھیں جا کے
کہیڑی کیتی درداں کار

Elimination of Poverty Through Islamic System of Sadaqaat: Research Study

Islam is a complete code of life. Economic teachings of Holy Qur’an and Hazrat Muhammadﷺ are comprehensive. Allah Almighty guides us how to spend money in His way. There are two types of Sadaqaat. Sadaqaat-e-Wajibah are compulsory on wealthy people with certain ratio while Sadaqaat-e-Nafilah are optional. Holy Prophetﷺ encouraged his followers to help the needy. Eradication of poverty is the main goal of Islamic system of Sadaqaat. In this research paper an analytical study is made to know how economic issues of the poor are addressed by Islamic economic system. There is dire need to understand different kinds of Sadaqaat. If the government and the public feel their responsibilities and follow Islam, poverty can be eliminated from society. This article addresses the problems of poverty. Moreover, it is also told how the poor should be looked after. Key words: Holy Qur’an, Holy Prophet ﷺ, Economy, Sadaqaat, Poverty.

الہامی مذاہب میں مشترکہ اقدار: قرآن کریم اور کتاب مقدس کے تناظر میں علمی جائزہ

Man is the voice vicegerent of ALLAH on the earth. The purpose of his creation is to worship and the welfare of the creature. For this purpose ALLAH sent prophets. The teachings of divine religions are revealed by ALLAH. Norms are the asset of life for the welfare of the nation. The prophets also impart the teachings to the followers of divine that they should do for the wellbeing of humanity. They should spread the message of virtue and forbid from evil. It was the mutual teaching of all the prophets. The purpose of this debate is the followers of divine religion should spread peace by abiding by the teachings of the prophets. This work consists four chapters, findings/suggestions and list of rich bibliography. Introductions, statement of problems, hypotheses, objectives of research, review, of literature and survey of the previous work have been added in prefix. Chapter1: It consists the history of Jews, Christianity and Islam, religious assets and the life history of the prophets. Chapter2: This chapter deals with mutual beliefs, social issues and ethics. Chapter3: In this chapter the concept of worship, salvation, importance, purpose and kind are mentioned. Chapter4: It consists a debate on mutual laws of divine religion and the concept of reward and punishment. Each chapter enclosed with references and descriptive notes of its.