Search or add a thesis

Advanced Search (Beta)
Home > Biochemical and Molecular Responses of Spinach Associated With Microbes in Remediation of Heavy Metals Contaminated Soil

Biochemical and Molecular Responses of Spinach Associated With Microbes in Remediation of Heavy Metals Contaminated Soil

Thesis Info

Access Option

External Link

Author

Malook, Ijaz

Program

PhD

Institute

Kohat University of Science and Technology

City

Kohat

Province

KPK

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Environmental Sciences

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/12547/1/Ijaz%20Malook%20Envir%20Biotechnology%202019%20Kust%20kohat%20prr.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676724534882

Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

Join our Whatsapp Channel to get regular updates.

Similar


Heavy metals contamination of agriculture soil is an important ecological problem. Rapid growth of industrial sector and lack of proper disposal system of industrial wastes heavily loaded our soil with toxic metals possessing serious threat to all form of life. Present study was carried out to explore the bioremediation potential of two heavy metals resistant bacterial strains (Bacillus aerius and Bacillus cereus) isolated from heavy metals polluted soils of Hayatabad industrial estate, Peshawar (HIEP) and Gadoon industrial estate, Swabi (GIES) of Khyber-Pukhtoonkhwa, Pakistan, by assessing the biochemical and molecular processes occurs in spinach crop grown in that soil. Elemental study of the soils indicated that concentration of heavy metals in target areas were significantly higher than control i.e. (Pb= 98.33 in Gadoon and 65.08 mg/kg in Hayatabad > 0.4 mg/kg in control soil), (Cr=102.66 in Gadoon and 30.56 in Hayatabad > 2.78 mg/kg in control soil), (Cu=25.66 in Gadoon and 12.4 mg/kg in Hayatabad > 1.35 mg/kg in control soil), (Mn=839.66 in Gadoon and 753.43 mg/kg in Hayatabad > 28.9mg/kg in control soil), (Zn=47.33 in Gadoon and 22.56 mg/kg in Hayatabad > 0.04mg/kg in control soil. Diverse statistical tools like cluster analysis (HC) and principal component analysis (PCA), along with geo-statistical approches such as single pollution load index (SPI), ecological risk factor (Er), enrichment factor (EF) and geoaccumulation index (I-geo) proved significant to moderate enrichment of heavy metals in the soil. Hence, this study indicates that the majority of toxic heavy metals contributed to soil pollution in the studied areas are coming from industrial and commercial activities. To explore the effect of heavy metals on lipid peroxidation in spinach associated with microbes (B. aerius and B. cereus) isolated from contaminated soils irrigated with industrial effluents of GIES and HIEP. The severity of the lipid peroxidation induced by heavy metals was determined by Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) contents, glycine betaine (GB), proline (Pro) contents, hydrogen per oxide (H2O2) contents, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll “a”, chlorophyll “b” and “carotenoids”, total soluble sugar (TSS), proteins (TP) contents, and cell viability (EC) estimation. Plants grown in heavy metals polluted soil showed significant reduction in chlorophyll “a”, chlorophyll “b”, carotenes, total soluble sugar and total proteins contents, whereas electrolyte contents, glycine betaine, proline, hydrogen peroxide and TBARS in terms of lipid peroxidation were increased. Seeds inoculated with microbes showed significant increase in photosynthetic pigments, total soluble sugar and proteins contents whereas cell leakage, glycine betaine contents, proline, hydrogen peroxide contents and TBARS, confirmed decrease in oxidative stress produced by heavy metals. Plant physiological and biochemical attributes like germination percentage, seedling vigor, total nitrogen and proteins contents, metallothionein contents, stomata morphology and antioxidative metabolism associated with heavy metals resistance microbes (B. aerius and B. cereus) showed that heavy metals pollution significantly decrease seed germination, plant growth and vigor, total nitrogen and proteins contents, whereas significantly high metallothionein (MTs) and antioxidants enzymes were noted. Conversely, B. aerius and B. cereus species alleviated heavy metals induced reduction in plant biomass and improved seed germination, total nitrogen and proteins contents, reduced metallothionein and antioxidative enzymes. Furthermore Stomata microstructural alterations were significantly revived by bacterial strains. Results further revealed that plants inoculated with heavy metals resistant bacterial strains were efficient in heavy metals removal from polluted soil as compared to non-inoculated plants. Furthermore both heavy metals resistant strains inoculated plants showed high tolerance index (TI) and low bio-accumulation factor (BF) by comparing with non-inoculated crop ensuring restricted flow of heavy metals to plant system. Reverse Transcription of expressed genes revealed the stress response of two gene families Myeloblastosis (Myb) and Zinc-figure protein genes (Zat-12) in plants grown in contaminated soils. There was very low expression of Myb and Zat-12 genes i.e. 26 and 20%) in GIES soil and 15.78 and 10% in HIEP soil in bio-primed plants, while in non-bio primed plants these values were 100% in GIES soil and 31 and 80% in HIEP soil. It is therefore recommended that plant augmented with heavy metals resistant strains not only regulates the expression of stress inducible genes but also play a major role in the remediation of heavy metals affected agriculture soil.
Loading...
Loading...

Similar Books

Loading...

Similar Chapters

Loading...

Similar News

Loading...

Similar Articles

Loading...

Similar Article Headings

Loading...

حکیم محمد سعید دہلوی

حکیم محمد سعید دہلوی آف ہمدرد دواخانہ پاکستان کی شہادت
کس قدر ظالم ہاتھ تھے اور کس قدر درندہ صفت دل کا وہ انسان نہیں حیوان رہا ہوگا جس نے فرشتہ صفت ہستی، غریب انسانوں کامسیحا، ملک وملت کاخیرخواہ ،پوری انسانیت کی فلاح وبہبود گی چاہنے والا،شرافت کاپیکر مجسم، حکیم محمدسعید دہلوی پر گولیاں چلا کر آن کی آن میں ان کو شہید کردیا۔اناﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون۔
جیسے ہی یہ خبر عوام الناس تک پہنچی کہ کراچی پاکستان میں ہمدرد دواخانہ کے مطب سے فراغت کے بعد جب حکیم محمد سعید دہلوی اپنی کار میں بیٹھنے لگے تو کچھ نامعلوم درندوں نے ان پر اندھا دھند گولیاں چلانی شروع کردیں جس سے وہ ان کاڈرائیور اورتین ان کے ہمراہ اصحاب موقع پر جاں بحق ہوگئے ۔غم وصدمہ میں ڈوب گئے۔ اوران سب کے منہ سے ایک چیخ نکل پڑی کہ ہائیں یہ کیا ہوگیا، کیاشرافت وانسانیت کابھی قتل ہونا شروع ہوگیا ہے۔ حکیم محمدسعید دہلوی شرافت انسانیت کی جیتی جاگتی تصویر تھے، وہ بڑے وضعدار انسان تھے انہوں نے دوسروں کے آرام کے لیے اپناآرام چھوڑدیا تھا۔ان کامقصدِحیات صرف اور صرف بنی نوع آدم کی خدمت کرناتھا اٹھتے بیٹھتے سوتے جاگتے وہ انسانیت کی فلاح وبہبودگی کے کاموں ہی میں اپنے کولگائے ہوئے تھے۔
تقسیم سے پہلے وہ اوران کے برادر معظم ملک وملت کی نادررِ روزگار ہستی حکیم عبدالحمید دہلوی حفظہ اﷲ تعالیٰ متحدہ ہندوستان میں اپنے عظیم الشان کارناموں کی بدولت مشعل راہ تھے۔ مجھے ان کی وہ صحبتیں یادہیں جب قبلہ ابّا جان حضرت مفکر ملّت مفتی عتیق الرحمان عثمانیؒ اوران کے مخصوص احباب حضرت قاضی سجاد حسینؒ مولانا سعیداحمداکبرآبادی،مجاہد ملّت حضرت مولانا حفظ الرحمن وغیرہم کی قربت میں حکیم عبدالحمید صاحب دہلوی اوران کے برادرِ خوردحکیم محمدسعید دہلوی بڑے سے بڑے مسائل پرتبادلۂ خیال کرکے ان کے حل وتدارک کے لیے مستعد عمل...

Role of Masjid in Social Reformation in Contemporary Pashtun Society: A Case Study of District Bannu and Lakki Marwat, Pakistan

Pulpit and Masjid play very pivotal and productive role in a Muslim society. It not only educates and guides Muslims in religious matters as well shapes the social attitude and role of Muslims. Moreover, it is evident by the history that Islamic State was run by the Head of the State from Masjid. Unfortunately, pulpit and Masjid have been losing sense of their actual responsibility as an agent of social cohesion, integration and reformation. The paper is an attempt of studying the current role of pulpit and Masjid regarding religious education and training, exploring the factors that have been hampering the way of realizing the dream of social reformation in contemporary Pashtun society by not allowing pulpit and Masjid to play its due role in this respect and suggesting feasible recommendation for coping with the issue. The study is based on primary data that was collected through questionnaire in District Bannu and Lakki Marwat.

Relationship Between Root‐Mediated Changes and Salt Tolerance in Wheat Triticum Aestivum L.

Salt affected soils have higher concentration of soluble salts or exchangeable sodium to the extent that affects normal growth of crops. Salt-affected soils include saline, sodic and saline- sodic soils. These soils are mostly present in arid and semi arid regions of the globe because in such areas annual rainfall is less than evapo-transpiration. Plants face different types of problems due to the presence of salts. The research work presented in this thesis includes screening of 25 wheat genotypes under saline sodic field conditions. The genotypes selected from these salt affected conditions were further tested in pots and characterized in nutrient solution studies where the salts were artificially applied. Growth reduction occurred under salt stress and genotypes differed significantly in stress treatments. In saline treatment, the genotype 25- SAWSN-12 produced higher shoot fresh and dry weights, and showed lower accumulation of Na+ and Cl- and higher concentration of K+ where as the genotype 25-SAWSN-8 produced lower shoot fresh and dry weights and had lower accumulation of K+ and higher concentration of Na+ and Cl-. The salt tolerant wheat genotype 25-SAWSN-12 maintained better water relations, photosynthetic parameters and showed better oxidative stress tolerance with higher activities of SOD, POD and CAT than the salt sensitive genotype. The seminal and nodal root growth of 25- SAWSN-12 was higher than 25-SAWSN-8. The tolerant genotype also exhibited higher ash alkalinity and the production of organic acids including citric acid, malic acid and tartaric acid than the salt sensitive wheat genotype. These characteristics helped the tolerant genotype 25- SAWSN-12 to maintain better growth under salt-affected conditions than the salt sensitive wheat genotype 25-SAWSN-8. Therefore, the genotype which can maintain higher concentration of K+ and lower concentration Na+ and Cl- tend to grow better in salt affected field conditions. A salt tolerant wheat genotype secretes more root exudates and will acidify its rhizosphere in a better way thus making the rhizosphere conditions favourable for itself even under unfavorable soil conditions. The enhanced enzymatic activity in tolerant genotype will reduce the effect of ROS on plants produced as a result of salt exposure. The genotype 25-SAWSN-12 was promising under salt-affected conditions, and can be recommended to the farmers and may also be used by the breeders for the development of more salt tolerant wheat genotypes. This will help the farmers to reclaim their salt affected rootzone soils by biological means as the rhizosphere acidification will help to improve the soil for better plant growth under salt affected conditions.